循环流化床锅炉快速变负荷调节技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Rapid Variable Load Regulation Technology of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler

作　　者：汤仔华 宋国良[1,2] 宋维健 及增才[1,2] 孙丽伟 TANG Zihua;SONG Guoliang;SONG Weijian;JI Zengcai;SUN Liwei(Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Haidian District,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijingshan District,Beijing 100049,Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京市海淀区100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京市石景山区100049

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第6期2279-2291,I0016,共14页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA29010100)。

摘　　要：在“碳达峰”与“碳中和”背景下,煤电是我国目前可再生能源大规模消纳的最经济调节电源。循环流化床燃烧技术因具有低负荷稳燃能力强、污染物控制成本低、负荷调节范围宽等独特优势在煤电深度灵活调峰中担当重要角色,但其独特的燃烧方式导致变负荷速率慢,无法满足未来可再生能源大规模并网的调节需求。该文结合循环流化床锅炉的燃烧原理及应用场景,深入分析制约循环流化床锅炉变负荷速率的关键影响因素,包括循环灰的流动惯性、燃料的反应惯性、床料与耐火耐磨材料的传热惯性、污染物排放等。此外,对可行的循环流化床快速变负荷调节技术进行探讨与分析,可为我国燃煤循环流化床锅炉深度与快速灵活调节技术的工业应用提供一定参考。In the background of"carbon peak and"carbon neutrality",coal-fired power generation is the most economical adjustment power source for the large-scale consumption of renewable energy.Circulating fluidized bed(CFB)combustion technology plays an important role in deep and flexible peak shaving of coal-fired power generation due to its unique advantages such as strong combustion stability at low load,low cost of pollutant control and wide range of load regulation.However,its unique combustion mode leads to slow load change rate,which cannot meet the adjustment demand of large-scale integration of renewable energy into the grid in the future.Combined with the combustion principle and application scenarios of a CFB boiler,the key factors that restrict the load change rate of the CFB boiler are analyzed in depth,including the flow inertia of circulating ash,the reaction inertia of fuel,the heat transfer inertia of bed material and abrasion resistant refractory materials,and the emission of pollutants.Besides,the feasible regulation technology of rapid variable load in circulating fluidized bed is discussed and analyzed,which provides some reference for the industrial application of the depth and rapid regulation technology of coal-burning CFB.

关 键 词：循环流化床 灵活调峰 流动惯性 反应惯性 传热惯性 快速变负荷 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]