植物向重力反应中PIN-FORMED介导的生长素极性运输调控  

Regulation of PIN-FORMED-mediated Polar Auxin Transport in Plant Gravitropism

作　　者：王贤 彭亚坤 陈猛 孔梦娟 谭树堂 WANG Xian;PENG Ya-kun;CHEN Meng;KONG Meng-juan;TAN Shu-tang(Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM,School of Life Sciences,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学部生命科学学院前沿交叉科学与生物医学研究所,合肥230027

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第3期25-40,共16页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学技术大学统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设专项资金(YD9100002016);合肥综合性国家科学中心大健康研究院前沿交叉科学与生物医学研究所专项资金(QYPY20220012)。

摘　　要：植物的向性,即植物对光或重力等环境刺激信号产生的定向生长反应。在向重力性反应中,植物器官将重力感知为定向环境信号,来控制其器官的生长方向以促进生存。植物激素生长素及其极性运输在植物向重力反应中起着决定性的调控作用。质膜定位的生长素输出蛋白PIN-FORMED(PIN)通过动态的亚细胞极性定位,改变生长素运输的方向以响应环境刺激,由此植物器官间建立的生长素浓度梯度是细胞差异化伸长和器官弯曲的基础,来调控植物的形态建成和生长发育过程。本文主要讨论发生在植物重力感受细胞内早期重力感知和信号转导机制的最新研究进展、PIN介导的生长素极性运输、PIN的极性定位以及质膜蛋白丰度的调控机制等。Plant tropisms are the directional growth response of plants to environmental stimuli such as light or gravity.In gravitropism,plant organs sense directional environmental cues to control growth orientation to promote their survival.The phytohormone auxin and its polar transport serve as a major coordinative signal in plant gravitropism.The PIN family auxin exporters,through their dynamic polar subcellular localizations at the plasma membrane(PM),redirect polar auxin transport in response to environmental stimuli,thus the auxin gradients across tissues or organs underlie differential cell elongation and bending,which regulates the morphological formation and growth process of plants.In this review,we focus on recent advances in the mechanisms underlying the perception and signal transduction of gravity that take place within the sensing cells in the early process of gravitropism,the regulatory mechanisms of PIN-mediated auxin polar transport,PIN polar localization,and PM protein abundance.

关 键 词：向重力性 PIN 生长素转运 极性 内膜运输 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]