陆地棉主要株型性状关联分析及优异等位基因挖掘  

Association Analysis and Exploration of Elite Alleles of Plant Architecture Traits in Gossypium hirsutum L.

作　　者：王娟[1] 王新[1] 田琴[1] 马晓梅[1] 周小凤[1] 李保成[1] 董承光[1] WANG Juan;WANG Xin;TIAN Qin;MA Xiao-mei;ZHOU Xiao-feng;LI Bao-cheng;DONG Cheng-guang(Cotton Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所,石河子832000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第3期146-154,共9页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：兵团农业科技创新工程专项(NCG202222);兵团科技创新人才计划(2022CB003-04);第六师五家渠市科技计划项目(2205)。

摘　　要：【目的】株型是影响棉花机械化和产量的关键因素,开展陆地棉主要株型性状的关联分析研究,可为棉花株型分子育种提供标记及材料来源。【方法】以403份陆地棉种质资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的201对多态性SSR标记,对6个环境4个株型性状进行了关联分析,挖掘株型性状优异等位基因。【结果】6个环境中株高、果枝始节高、果枝始节位和果枝数的平均变异系数分别为13.70%、21.51%、14.18%和11.51%,广义遗传率为46.24%-74.15%;201对标记共产生394个多态性等位变异位点;能同时在最佳线性无偏预测值(best linear unbiased prediction, BLUP)(P<0.01)和2个以上环境中检测到显著(P<0.05)关联的位点共38个,包括与株高关联的位点16个、与果枝始节高关联的位点6个、与果枝始节位关联的位点11个、与果枝数关联的位点5个,5个位点同时与多个性状关联;鉴定到含有目标性状优异等位基因的材料31份,其中6份材料同时携带多个优异等位基因。【结论】在403份陆地棉自然群体中,鉴定到38个与4个株型性状关联的标记位点,发掘出31份含有优异等位基因的典型材料。【Objective】Plant architecture is a key factor affecting the mechanization and yield of cotton.The association analysis of plant architecture traits in upland cotton can provide elite marker sources and excellent germplasm materials for molecular breeding of cotton plant architecture.【Method】In this study,taking 403 upland cotton germplasms as materials,an association analysis of four plant architecture traits in six environments was implemented using 201 pairs of polymorphic SSR markers covering the whole genome,and the elite alleles were identified.【Result】The average coefficients of variation of the plant height,height of first fruit branch node,the first fruit branch node and fruit branch number were 13.70%,21.51%,14.18%and 11.51%,respectively,and the range of broad-sense heritability was 46.24%-74.15%.A total of 394 allelic variation loci were generated from 201 markers.A total of 38 loci were repeatedly detected in best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)(P<0.01)and more than two environments at a significant level(P<0.05).Of 38 loci,16 were associated with plant height,six were associated with height of first fruit branch node,11 were associated with the first fruit branch node,and five were associated with fruit branch number.In addition,five loci were associated with multiple traits simultaneously.Thirty one materials containing elite alleles of target traits were identified,and six of them carried multiple elite alleles concurrently【.Conclusion】Thirty-eight marker loci associated with four plant architecture traits were identified in 403 natural populations,and 31 typical materials containing excellent alleles were identified.

关 键 词：陆地棉 株型性状 关联分析 优异等位基因 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]