政策视角下光伏全产业链的地区差异性分析  

Analysis on Regional Difference of the Whole PV Industry Chain from the Perspective of Policy

作　　者：黄斌 赵伟[1] 廖力达 肖孟[1] 黄佳亮 谢佩伶 HUANG Bin;ZHAO Wei;LIAO Lida;XIAO Meng;HUANG Jialiang;XIE Peiling(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;School of Engineering,University of South Australia,Adelaide 5095,Australia)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]南澳大学工学院,澳大利亚阿德莱德市5095

出　　处：《南方能源建设》2024年第2期179-188,共10页Southern Energy Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“建筑环境能耗与碳排放生命周期综合建模及对冲机理研究”(51908064)。

摘　　要：[目的]“双碳”战略为中国能源发展提出了一条新路径,限制对传统化石能源的使用,就促使中国政府加大对新能源产业发展的支持。光伏作为一种覆盖面最广、最易获取的新能源,成为解决当前能源和环境问题的首选。但如果想要增大其市场规模、实现光伏产业的蓬勃发展,就必须要找出并解决当前阶段光伏的痛点与难点。[方法]文章对中国的光伏全产业链政策进行梳理分析,探究光伏产业激励政策存在的不足之处;并利用2000-2021年A股市场上33家样本企业的数据,建立DEA模型探究政策引导下的中国光伏产业综合创新效益和规模效益;再利用面板回归分析法探究不同地区政策对光伏产业上、中、下游企业创新能力的不同影响。[结果]研究表明:政策补贴对光伏上游企业的创新效益影响更为显著,与东部地区的企业发展成正相关关系,西部地区则相反,存在一定的地区差异性。[结论]应该提高在光伏技术创新层面的政策优惠力度,并结合地区优势进行合理的产业链规划布局。[Introduction]The"carbon peak and neutrality"strategy has put forward a new path for China's energy development,which restricts the use of traditional fossil energy,and promotes the Chinese government to increase its support for the development of the new energy industry.Photovoltaic,as a new energy which is the most accessible and has the widest coverage,has become the first choice to solve the current energy and environmental problems.However,if we want to increase its market scale and realize the vigorous development of photovoltaic industry,it is necessary to find out and solve the pain points and difficulties of the current stage.[Method]China's policy on the whole photovoltaic industry chain was combed and analyzed to explore the shortcomings of the photovoltaic industry incentive policy.Based on the data from 33 sample enterprises in the A-share market from 2000 to 2021,the DEA model was built and the integrated innovation benefits and scale benefits of China's PV industry under the guidance of policy were explored.And using the panel regression analysis method,the different impacts of different regional policies on the innovation capacity of the upstream,middle and downstream enterprises of the PV industry.were explored.[Result]The research shows that the policy subsidies have a more significant impact on the innovation benefits of upstream photovoltaic enterprises,which is positively correlated with the development of enterprises in the eastern region.While in the western region,the opposite is the case,and there are certain regional differences.[Conclusion]It is necessary to improve the preferential policy strength in the photovoltaic technology innovation level,and carry out a reasonable industry chain planning and layout in combination with the regional advantages.

关 键 词：光伏 回归模型 全产业链分析 政策效益 双碳战略 

分 类 号：TK51[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] F206[经济管理—国民经济]