芒果蒂腐病病原菌分离鉴定及其室内防治药剂筛选  

Pathogen isolation and identification of mango stem-end rot and in-door fungicide screening for disease control

作　　者：滕虎亮 欧阳浩 龚凤鲜 黎耀鸿 樊瑞冬 冯泽锐 刘增亮[2] 胡小京[1] 宋理洪 陈孝玉龙 TENG Hu-liang;OUYANG Hao;GONG Feng-xian;LI Yao-hong;FAN Rui-dong;FENG Ze-rui;LIU Zeng-liang;HU Xiao-jing;SONG Li-hong;CHEN Xiao-yu-long(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Microbiology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁530007 [3]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2023年第12期3619-3629,共11页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AA21196003);贵州大学实验室开放项目(SYSKF2023-093);贵州大学创新创业训练计划项目[贵大(校)创字2022(085号)];贵州大学“SRT计划”项目(2021-330)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确广西百色市乐业县芒果蒂腐病的病原菌种类,并探究杀菌剂对病原菌的室内抑制效果,以期为芒果蒂腐病的田间防治提供理论依据。【方法】采用组织分离法对采集自广西百色市乐业县幼平乡百安村芒果种植区具有蒂腐病典型症状的芒果进行病原菌分离和纯化,利用柯赫氏法则对病原菌进行致病性测定,结合病原菌的形态学特征及ITS、β-tubulin和EF-1α基因序列分析鉴定病原菌种类。选取21种常用杀菌剂对病原菌进行室内毒力测定。【结果】通过传统真菌形态学、生物学分类鉴定及ITS、β-tubulin和EF-1α基因序列分析相结合的方法确定引起芒果蒂腐病的病原菌为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)。杀菌剂对病原菌菌丝生长抑制作用测定结果显示,50%多菌灵、400 g/L氟硅唑、40%菌核净、250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯、430 g/L戊唑醇和450 g/L咪鲜胺的抑菌效果较好,其次是5%香芹酚、80%代森锰锌、20%春雷霉素和1%苯醚甲环唑,23.40%双炔酰菌胺、350 g/L精·甲霜灵和30%氟吗啉的抑菌效果最差。室内毒力测定结果显示,供试21种杀菌剂中对病原菌抑制效果较好的是50%多菌灵、250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯和400 g/L氟硅唑,三者的抑制中浓度(EC_(50))均小于0.1000 mg/L,其次是430 g/L戊唑醇、450 g/L咪鲜胺、10%苯醚甲环唑、40%菌核净和240 g/L噻呋酰胺,EC_(50)介于0.1000~1.0000 mg/L,抑菌效果较差的是23.4%双炔酰菌胺、350 g/L精·甲霜灵、8%宁南霉素和30%氟吗啉,EC_(50)均高于100.0000 mg/L。【结论】引起广西百色市乐业县芒果蒂腐病的病原菌为葡萄座腔菌。50%多菌灵、250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯和400 g/L氟硅唑对葡萄座腔菌的抑制效果最好,可作为进一步田间试验的首选药剂;430 g/L戊唑醇、450 g/L咪鲜胺、10%苯醚甲环唑、40%菌核净和240 g/L噻呋酰胺可作为备选药剂;8%宁南霉素、350 g/L精·甲霜灵、23.4%双炔酰菌胺和30%氟吗啉的抑�【Objective】This study aimed to identify the fungal pathogen responsible for stem-end rot in mangoes in Leye County,Baise City,Guangxi,and assess the efficacy of various fungicides against the pathogen indoor.This study provided a scientific basis for the field management of mango stem-end rot.【Method】Mangoes exhibiting typical symp‐toms of stem-end rot were collected from Baian Village,Youping Township,Leye County,Baise City.The isolation and purification of potential pathogenic fungi from these samples were carried out,followed by pathogenicity tests using Koch's method.The pathogens were identified based on morphological characterization,and genetic analysis involving ITS,β-tubulin and EF-1αgene sequences.Additionally,twenty-one commonly used fungicides were evaluated for their efficacy against the identified pathogen in vitro.【Result】The fungal agent of mango stem-end rot was identified as Botryo‐sphaeria dothidea,utilizing a combination of traditional fungal morphology,taxonomic classification,and molecular analysis(ITS,β-tubulin and EF-1αgene sequence).The results of fungicide inhibited mycelial growth of pathogenic bac‐teria showed that,the most effective fungicides were 50%carbendazim,400 g/L flusilazole,40%dimethachlon,250 g/L pyraclostrobin,430 g/L tebuconazole and 450 g/L prochloraz,followed by 5%carvacrol,80%mancozeb,20%kasuga‐mycin and 10%difenoconazole.Conversely,23.4%mandipropamid,350 g/L metalaxyl-M,and 30%flumorph displayed the least efficacy.The results of laboratory virulence test showed that among the 21 fungicides tested,the inhibition effect on pathogenic bacteria of 50%carbendazim,250 g/L pyraclostrobin,and 400 g/L flusilazole was fine,inhibited medium concentration(EC_(50))of the three were less than 0.1000 mg/L,followed by 430 g/L tebuconazole,450 g/L prochloraz,10%difenoconazole,40%dimethachlon and 240 g/L thifluzamide,whose EC_(50) values ranging from 0.1000 mg/L to 1.0000 mg/L.The inhibition effects of 23.4%mandipropamid,350 g/L metalaxyl-M,8%ningnanmycin,and 30%

关 键 词：芒果 蒂腐病 葡萄座腔菌 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.679[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]