复合生物膜载体提高短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺性能研究  

ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF PARTIAL NITRIFICATION-ANAMMOX BY USING HYDROTALCITE COMPOSITE BIOFILM CARRIERS

作　　者：孔领锐 李心珏 郑茹 张阔 刘思彤[1] KONG Lingrui;LI Xinjue;ZHENG Ru;ZHANG Kuo;LIU Sitong(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第1期16-23,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52270016)。

摘　　要：一段式短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)工艺作为一种自养生物脱氮技术使污水的低碳处理成为了可能。然而,维持稳定高效的短程硝化和保留厌氧氨氧菌的生物量仍然是PN/A工艺运行成功的主要挑战。采用层状硅酸盐矿物结合无纺布作为一种新型复合生物膜载体,强化厌氧氨氧化菌的持留与PN/A工艺的脱氮效果,考察载体与微生物之间的吸附性能以及复合载体对菌群结构的影响。结果表明:加入复合生物膜载体的反应器的最高氮去除速率达131.4 mg/(L·d),显著高于仅有无纺布载体的对照组[97.2 mg/(L·d)]。表面热力学分析和扩展DLVO理论的研究表明,层状硅酸盐矿物与微生物群落形成了强烈相互吸引力,其表面丰富的金属阳离子可以通过静电引力与离子交换作用来增强菌群的吸附能力。研究制备的复合生物膜载体为PN/A工艺的快速启动和稳定运行提供了一种有效的方法。One-stage partial nitrification-anammox(PN/A),as an autotrophic nitrogen removal technology,has made the lowcarbon treatment of wastewater possible.However,maintaining stable and efficient partial nitrification and increasing the biomass retention of anammox bacteria remain the main challenges for the successful application of the PN/A process.In this study,a novel composite carrier composed of layered silicate minerals and nonwoven fabric was developed to enhance the nitrogen removal performance of the PN/A process.The adsorption characteristics between the carrier and microorganisms,as well as the influence of the composite carrier on the microbial community in the PN/A process,were investigated.The results showed that the reactor with the addition of layered silicate minerals achieved the highest nitrogen removal rate of 131.4 mg/(L·d),which was significantly higher than control group without layered silicate minerals addition(97.2 mg/(L·d)).Surface thermodynamic analysis and the extended DLVO theory indicated that layered silicate minerals formed strong electrostatic attractive forces with the microbial community,promoting microbial adsorption and extracellular polymeric substance secretion.In addition,the surface of the silicate minerals contains abundant metal ion which can promote sludge aggregation and facilitate the retention and growth of anammox bacteria.The hydrotalcite composite carrier provides an effective method for rapid start-up and stable operation of the PN/A process.

关 键 词：污水生物脱氮 短程硝化 厌氧氨氧化 复合载体 层状硅酸盐矿物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]