行政义务继受理论的逻辑证成  

The Logical Justification of the Theory of Administrative Obligation Succession

作　　者：陈思融 CHEN Sirong

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学法学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《政治与法律》2024年第4期133-147,共15页Political Science and Law

摘　　要：行政法律关系中义务主体变动,产生原义务人应承担的行政义务,是否可能由第三人继受以及如何继受的问题。我国行政法规范虽然存在有关行政义务继受的程序规定,但缺乏明确行政义务继受构成要件的实体规定。司法实践中亦面临因义务主体死亡或终止后,其行政义务如何履行的疑问。“主体非同一性”和“义务同一性”是行政义务继受的必要概念要件,当满足存在具有可继受性的具体行政义务、继受原因的发生以及继受法律基础等三个条件后,继受行政法律关系产生,原义务人的行政义务由第三人继受。但通常情形下确定原义务人行政义务的行政决定对继受人不具有执行力,行政机关应当基于原行政决定的公定力,以继受人为相对人作出新的行政决定,从而确定继受人的继受义务范围。When the subject undertaking an obligation in the administrative legal relationship changes,there arises an issue of whether it is possible for a third party to succeed the administrative obligation that the original obligor should undertake and how to succeed such administrative obligation.Although there exist relevant procedural provisions on the administrative obligation succession in the administrative-law norms of China,there is a lack of substantive provisions specifying the constituent elements of administrative obligation succession.In judicial practice,there is also a question of how to fulfill the administrative obligation after the death or termination of the subject undertaking an obligation.The non-sameness of subject and the sameness of obligation are the necessary conceptual elements of the administrative obligation succession,and after meeting the three conditions,i.e.the existence of specific administrative obligation that can be succeeded,the occurrence of the cause of succession and the legal basis for succession,the administrative legal relationship of succession comes into being,and the administrative obligation of the original obligor is succeeded by the third party.However,under normal circumstances,the administrative decision of determining the administrative obligation of the original obligor has no enforcement force on the successor,and the administrative organ shall make a new administrative decision on the basis of the presumption of legality of the original administrative decision,with the successor as the counterpart,thus determining the scope of the succeeded obligation.

关 键 词：具体行政义务 可继受性 继受原因 继受法律基础 

分 类 号：DF3[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]