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作 者:蒋福凯 Jiang Fukai
机构地区:[1]贵州大学历史与民族文化学院
出 处:《中国地方志》2024年第1期83-93,M0006,共12页China Local Records
摘 要:明代贵州兵备道先后建置有五,分别是成化时期建立的威清道与都清道,嘉靖时期增设的毕节道与思石道,以及万历时期增设的贵阳道。各兵备道皆有常驻之地及辖区,各自管理道内事务。除不常设的贵阳兵备道外,其他四道皆在嘉靖时期受命兼理相应地区的分巡道,并将邻省相近地区纳入兼制范围。贵州兵备道虽以军事职能为主,但同时兼理行政、监察及司法等事务,特别是在兼理分巡道后,逐渐成为贵州治理不可或缺的军政建置。兵备道的设立,对贵州地方的稳定及控扼云南具有重要作用。There were subsequently five established Bingbeidao(Military Readiness Directorates)in Ming Dynasty Guizhou,i.e.Weiqing Dao and Duqing Dao established during the Chenghua Period,Bijie Dao and Sishi Dao supplemented during the Jiajing Period,and Guiyang Dao supplemented during the Wanli Period.Each Bingbeidao had its permanent station and administrative region,and managed its own affairs within.Apart from the non-permanent Guiyang Bingbeidao,the other four Bingbeidao were all ordered to be concurrently in charge of Fenxundao(Sub-Patrol Directorate)in respective regions during the Jiajing Period,and took adjacent regions of the neighboring province into its range of concurrent administration.Although the functions of Guizhou Bingbeidao were mostly military,they were also in charge of affairs such as administration,supervision,and judicature,and gradually became indispensable military administration establishments of Guizhou governance,especially after the concurrent charge of Fenxundao.The establishment of Bingbeidao played an important role in the stability of Guizhou region and the control of Yunnan.
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