苯甲羟肟酸体系烧绿石与方解石分离及机理研究  

Selective Flotation Separation between Pyrochlore and Calcite with Benzylalkyl Hydroxamic Acid

作　　者：杨记平 刘超 胡红喜[1,2,3] 陈志强 YANG Jjiping;LIU Chao;HU Hongxi;CHEN Zhiqiang(Institute of Resources Utiization and Rare Earth Deveopment Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510651,China;National Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510651,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources,Guangzhou510651,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学院资源综合利用与稀土开发研究所,广州510651 [2]稀有金分离与综合利用国家重点实验室,广州510651 [3]广东省矿产资源开发与综合利用重点实验室,广州510651

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第3期61-67,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：广东省科学院发展专项资金项目(2022GDASZH-2022010104,2023GDASZH-2023010104)。

摘　　要：方解石是影响碳酸盐型烧绿石浮选回收的重要因素。目前在实际应用中主要采用反浮选除去碳酸盐类矿物,然后以选择性较差的阳离子为捕收剂直接浮选烧绿石,但存在流程较复杂、回收率不高的问题。以油酸和苯甲羟肟酸为捕收剂,通过单矿物试验研究不同捕收剂对烧绿石和方解石浮选的影响,探索正浮选流程下烧绿石和方解石浮选分离的可行性,并通过浮选溶液化学、红外光谱分析、络合物化学分析等方法探究苯甲羟肟酸体系下药剂在两种矿物表面的作用机理。单矿物试验结果表明,在最佳的pH条件下,油酸、苯甲羟肟酸对烧绿石和方解石都具有较好的捕收能力,但苯甲羟肟酸的选择性要优于油酸,可作为潜在捕收剂。在pH=6时,Pb^(2+)可以扩大苯甲羟肟酸对烧绿石和方解石的可浮性差异,使两者能够有效分离,同时Pb2+的存在可以降低苯甲羟肟酸的用量。动电位和红外光谱结果表明,苯甲羟肟酸在烧绿石和方解石表面发生了化学吸附作用;螯合剂产物分析结果表明,苯甲羟肟酸在矿物表面以苯甲氧肟酸和金属离子活性点作用形成的五元环螯合产物为主,Pb^(2+)的加入可以增加矿物表面的活性点,有助于苯甲羟肟酸在矿物表面的化学吸附。与方解石相比,苯甲羟肟酸在烧绿石表面的吸附强度更大,从而实现两者的分离。Calcite is one of the most important factors that impacting on the recovery of pyrochlore.Currently the recovery of niobium oxide minerals from carbonate niobium ores relies on reverse flotation which remove carbonate minerals firstly and then float pyrochlore with non-selective cationic collectors.This leads to complicated process flow sheets and low niobium recovery.Oleic acid and benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid have been used to study the effect of different collectors on minerals flotation and the feasibility of flotation separation of pyrochlore and calcite under direct flotation process by pure mineral flotation test.Meanwhile,flotation solution chemistry calculation,infrared spectrum detection,and Zeta potential test have been used to study the effect of collectors,and metallic ions on minerals flotation,and the mechanism of reagents on pyrochlore and calcite flotation.Pure mineral flotation results indicate that both oleic acid and benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid have good collectivity for pyrochlore and calcite in the most optimal flotation condition,and the selectivity of benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid is better,which can be used as a potential collector.The difference of floatability between pyrochlore and calcite with benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid can be enlarged with Pb^(2+).The results of infrared spectrum detection and Zeta potential test have shown that benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid ions are adsorbed on pyrochlore and calcite by chemical adsorption.Analysis of chelating agent products shows that benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid is mainly a five membered ring chelating product formed by the interaction of benzyl alkyl hydroxamic acid and metal ion active sites on the mineral surface.The addition of Pb2+can increase the active sites on the mineral surface,which facilitates the chemical adsorption strength of benzohydroxamic acid on the mineral surface.Compared with calcite,the adsorption strength of benzohydroxamic acid on the surface of pyrochlore is greater,which increases floatability of pyrochlore.

关 键 词：烧绿石 方解石 分离机理 苯甲羟肟酸体系 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]