Micro-aluminum powder with bi-or tri-component alloy coating as a promising catalyst:Boosting pyrolysis and combustion of ammonium perchlorate  

作　　者：Chao Wang Ying Liu Mingze Wu Jia Li Ying Feng Xianjin Ning Hong Li Ningfei Wang Baolu Shi 

机构地区：[1]School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China [2]School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China

出　　处：《Defence Technology（防务技术）》2024年第3期100-113,共14页Defence Technology

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant Nos.U20B2018,U21B2086,11972087)。

摘　　要：A novel design of micro-aluminum(μAl)powder coated with bi-/tri-component alloy layer,such as:Ni-P and Ni-P-Cu(namely,Al@Ni-P,Al@Ni-P-Cu,respectively),as combustion catalysts,were introduced to release its huge energy inside Al-core and promote rapid pyrolysis of ammonium perchlorate(AP)at a lower temperature in aluminized propellants.The microstructure of Al@Ni-P-Cu demonstrates that a three-layer Ni-P-Cu shell,with the thickness of~100 nm,is uniformly supported byμAl carrier(fuel unit),which has an amorphous surface with a thickness of~2.3 nm(catalytic unit).The peak temperature of AP with the addition of Al@Ni-P-Cu(3.5%)could significantly drop to 316.2℃ at high-temperature thermal decomposition,reduced by 124.3℃,in comparison to that of pure AP with 440.5℃.It illustrated that the introduction of Al@Ni-P-Cu could weaken or even eliminate the obstacle of AP pyrolysis due to its reduction of activation energy with 118.28 kJ/mol.The laser ignition results showed that the ignition delay time of Al@Ni-P-Cu/AP mixture with 78 ms in air is shorter than that of Al@Ni-P/AP(118 ms),decreased by 33.90%.Those astonishing breakthroughs were attributed to the synergistic effects of adequate active sites on amorphous surface and oxidation exothermic reactions(7597.7 J/g)of Al@Ni-P-Cu,resulting in accelerated mass and/or heat transfer rate to catalyze AP pyrolysis and combustion.Moreover,it is believed to provide an alternative Al-based combustion catalyst for propellant designer,to promote the development the propellants toward a higher energy.

关 键 词：Micro-aluminum powder(μAl) Nano-sized alloy coating Combustion catalyst Ammonium perchlorate Pyrolysis behavior Ignition and combustion 

分 类 号：V512.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]