Q345B/304异种钢激光填丝焊接工艺与性能研究  

Laser filler welding process and mechanical properties of Q345B/304 dissimilar steel joints

作　　者：刘海[1] 陈辉[2] LIU Hai;CHEN Hui(Key Laboratory of Mechanical Structure Optimization&Material Application Technology of Luzhou,School of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan Vocational College of Chemical Technology,Luzhou 646300,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川化工职业技术学院、机械工程学院机械结构优化及材料应用泸州市重点实验室,泸州646300 [2]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《激光技术》2024年第2期229-234,共6页Laser Technology

基　　金：机械结构优化及材料应用泸州市重点实验室科研课题(SCHYZSB-2023-02);四川化工职业技术学院自然科学重点资助项目(SCHYA-2023-01)。

摘　　要：为了提高异种钢焊接质量,采用激光焊技术填充ER308L焊丝对Q345B低合金钢与304不锈钢两种异质材料进行焊接。在不同的激光功率下,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪等对焊接接头进行了深入的表征和分析。结果表明,当激光功率高于3 kW时,接头处得以焊透,4 kW、4.5 kW和5 kW这3种焊缝截面均呈现束腰现象,且焊缝组织均为典型的板条状马氏体,其中5 kW焊接件焊缝所含的板条马氏体更加细小,表现出最高的硬度值;4 kW焊接件的抗拉强度达到590 MPa,随着激光功率的增大,焊接件的抗拉强度逐步下降;焊缝中主要出现了Cr_(2)Ni_(3)、Fe_(2)Ni_(3)、α-Fe等相,没有大量出现对质量有较大影响的M_(23)C_(6)和σ相等有害相。采用激光填丝焊接技术能够实现Q345B/304异种钢的高质量焊接。In order to improve the quality of dissimilar steel welding.Adopting laser welding technology welding of two heterogeneous materials,Q345B low alloy steel,and the 304 stainless steel.Under different laser powers,the welded joints were thoroughly characterized and analyzed using metallographic microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersive spectroscopy.Experimental data indicates that when the laser power is higher than 3 kW,the joint can be fully welded,and the weld sections of 4 kW,4.5 kW and,5 kW all present the waist phenomenon.The weld microstructure is typical lath martensite.The size of the lath martensite in the weld of 5 kW is smaller,showing the highest hardness value.The tensile strength of the weldment of 4 kW reaches 590 MPa.With the increase of laser power,the tensile strength of the weldment gradually decreases.In the weld,there are no M_(23)C_(6)andσphases,which have a great influence on the quality,but mainly Cr_(2)Ni_(3),Fe_(2)Ni_(3),andα-Fe phases.The results indicate that using laser wire filling welding technology can achieve high-quality welding of Q345B/304 dissimilar steel.

关 键 词：激光技术 异种钢 激光焊接 激光功率 焊缝组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]