基于穿透血脑屏障的siRNA纳米递药系统研究进展  

Advances of siRNA Nano-Delivery System Based on Penetration of Blood-Brain Barrier

作　　者：苏峰 熊峰 曹俊如 储晓琴[2] 何广卫 尹莉芳[1] SU Feng;XIONG Feng;CAO Junru;CHU Xiaoqin;HE Guangwei;YIN Lifang(China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 211198,China;Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012,China;Hefei Industrial Pharmaceutical Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230088,China;Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学,南京211198 [2]安徽中医药大学,合肥230012 [3]合肥医工医药股份有限公司,合肥230088 [4]安徽医科大学,合肥230032

出　　处：《中国药学杂志》2024年第4期285-295,共11页Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：近年来,中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)疾病已经严重威胁了人类的生命健康,血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier,BBB)的存在阻止了大部分药物进入大脑,这使得CNS疾病的治疗成为当今医学和药学领域的重大难题。纳米技术的出现使得药物具有穿透BBB的潜力,小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)药物的快速发展也给CNS疾病患者带来了曙光,但是纳米载体向脑部递药会遇到许多障碍,作为siRNA纳米载体进行脑部递送的条件也非常苛刻。本文主要综述了脂基纳米粒、壳聚糖纳米粒、聚乙烯亚胺纳米粒、树状大分子纳米粒、纳米凝胶、纳米胶束、纳米乳、外泌体、细胞、siRNA缀合物等作为siRNA脑部递药系统的研究进展及优缺点,以期探寻一种合适的siRNA纳米递送系统,用于BBB的穿透。In recent years,central nervous system(CNS)diseases have become serious threat to human life and health.The existence of the blood-brain barrier(BBB),which prevents most drugs from entering the brain,has made the treatment of CNS diseases a major problem in the field of medicine and pharmacy.The advent of nanotechnology has given drugs the potential to penetrate the blood-brain barrier,and the rapid development of siRNA drugs has brought light to patients with CNS disorders.However,the delivery of nanocarriers to the brain encounters many obstacles and the conditions that can be met for brain delivery as siRNA nanocarriers are also very demanding.This paper therefore reviews the research progress and the advantages and disadvantages of lipokinase nanoparticles,chitosan nanoparticles,polyethyleneimine nanoparticles,dendrimer nanoparticles,nanogels,nanomicelles,nanoemulsions,exosomes,cells,and siRNA adducts as siRNA brain delivery systems,with a view to exploring a suitable siRNA nanodelivery system for blood-brain barrier penetration.

关 键 词：血脑屏障 小干扰RNA 纳米载体 中枢神经系统 

分 类 号：R944[医药卫生—药剂学]