2013—2023年兰州山谷持续性冷池空气污染特征  

Characteristics and pollutant concentrations of persistent cold air pools in Lanzhou from 2013 to 2023

作　　者：康国强 马敏劲[1] 曹译丹 陈然 KANG Guoqiang;MA Minjin;CAO Yidan;CHEN Ran(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2024年第3期375-386,共12页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：干旱气象科学研究基金项目面上项目(IAM202002)。

摘　　要：持续性冷池(Persistent Cold Air Pools,PCAPs)在山谷城市长时间聚集空气污染物,严重影响居民生活与身体健康。本文使用2013年1月—2023年11月的探空数据和空气质量逐日数据,计算并统计分析了兰州山谷PCAPs发生特点,以及PCAPs强度对污染物浓度变化的影响,最后对比分析PCAPs事件期间存在沙尘气溶胶污染时各污染物浓度的变化情况。结果发现:2013—2023年期间一共发生59次PCAPs事件,共计持续197 d。PCAPs期间的山谷热亏缺与PM2.5浓度比非PCAPs期间分别高4.4 J·m^(-2)和52.59μg·m^(-3)。PCAPs期间空气质量指数(Air Quality Index,AQI)、SO2浓度、NO2浓度、CO浓度、PM10浓度增长分别为70.37%、144.3%、84.3%、156%、73.15%,而O3浓度下降60.89%。在PCAPs期间并且无沙尘气溶胶时,PM2.5:PM10的值平均在0.58,在PCAPs期间并且有沙尘气溶胶时,PM2.5:PM10的值平均在0.31。当存在沙尘气溶胶时PM2.5浓度、PM10浓度、AQI、O3浓度增长分别为:18.33%、133.03%、84.44%、8.5%;而SO2浓度和CO浓度则分别降低17.54%和17.88%。研究结果可为兰州地区大气污染防治及管理策略提供参考。Persistent cold air pools(PCAPs)in valley cities lead to the prolonged accumulation of air pollutants,thereby affecting the lives and health of residents.In this study,sounding data and daily air quality data from Jan-uary 2013 to November 2023 were used to calculate and statistically analyze the characteristics of PCAPs occur-rences in the Lanzhou Valley.In addition,the impact of PCAPs intensity on changes in pollutant concentrations was explored,and variations in pollutant concentrations during PCAPs were analyzed and compared with concur-rent dust aerosol pollution.Results indicate that from 2013 to 2023,59 PCAPs occurred,lasting cumulative 197 days.During PCAPs,valley heat deficit and PM2.5 concentrations were 4.4 J·m^(-2) and 52.59μg·m^(-3) higher,respec-tively,compared with non-PCAPs.The air quality index(AQI),SO2 concentration,NO2 concentration,CO concen-tration,and PM10 concentration increased by 70.37%,144.3%,84.3%,156%,and 73.15%,respectively,whereas O3 concentration decreased by 60.89%during PCAPs.In PCAPs without dust aerosols,the average PM2.5:PM10 ratio was 0.58,whereas in PCAPs with dust aerosols,the average ratio was 0.31.During PCAPs with concurrent dust aerosols,PM2.5 concentration,PM10 concentration,AQI,and O3 concentration increased by 18.33%,133.03%,84.44%,and 8.5%,respectively.However,SO2 and CO concentrations decreased by 17.54%and 17.88%,respec-tively.These findings can serve as a reference for atmospheric pollution prevention and management strategies in the Lanzhou region.

关 键 词：持续性冷池 沙尘气溶胶 山谷城市 山谷热亏缺 空气污染 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]