莳萝子及常见混淆品鉴别方法研究  

Identification of Fructus Anethi and common confusion substances

作　　者：侯建忠 朱顺娟 李瑶 魏伟 侯晓玲 殷丽 HOU Jianzhong;ZHU Shunjuan;LI Yao;WEI Wei;HOU Xiaoling;YIN Li(Jiuquan Institute for Drug Control,Jiuquan Gansu 735008,China;Jiuquan Second People’s Hospital,Jiuquan Gansu 735099,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省酒泉市药品检验检测中心,甘肃酒泉735008 [2]甘肃省酒泉市第二人民医院,甘肃酒泉735099

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2024年第2期67-70,F0003,共5页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省药品监督管理局科研项目(2022GSMPA0081);甘肃省酒泉市科技计划项目(2023CA1014)。

摘　　要：建立莳萝子及常见混淆品的鉴别方法,以区分不同形状的莳萝子。采用性状鉴别、显微鉴别及薄层色谱鉴别方法对市售和采集的莳萝子、千里香、小茴香进行鉴别。结果表明,市售莳萝子实为毒芹子,市售千里香实为莳萝子。莳萝子、毒芹子、小茴香3种药材在性状和显微上存在明显差异,莳萝子分果呈扁广卵圆形,有不明显的三条脊棱,两侧的脊棱呈翅状;小茴香分果呈长椭圆形,背面有纵棱5条;毒芹子分果呈半圆球形,两侧的脊棱不呈翅状。将供试品溶液和对照品溶液点于同一硅胶GF254薄层板上,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(3∶1)为展开剂,在紫外光灯254 nm处检视,莳萝子薄层色谱图中仅可见与芹菜脑位置和颜色一致的斑点,毒芹子、小茴香中还可见其他斑点。结果表明,通过以上方法可以区分莳萝子及其混淆品,可为莳萝子、毒芹子、小茴香3种药材的快速鉴别提供参考。The objective was to establish identification methods for Fructus Anethi and common confounding substances,so as to distinguish different shapes of commercially available Fructus Anethi.Using methods of morphological identification,microscopic identification,and thin-layer chromatography identification,the commercially available and collected Fructus Anethi,Murraya paniculata and Fructus Foeniculi were identified.The results showed that the commercially available Fructus Anethi was actually poisonous Cicuta virosa,while the commercially available Murraya paniculata was actually Fructus Anethi.There are significant differences in the morphology and microstructure of the three medicinal herbs:Fructus Anethi,Cicuta virosa and Fructus Foeniculi.The fruit of Fructus Anethi was flattened and oval shaped,with three indistinct ridges and wings on both sides;Fructus Foeniculi has a long oval shaped fruit with 5 longitudinal ribs on the back;Cicuta virosa are divided into fruits,forming a semi-spherical shape,and the ridges on both sides were not winged.The test solution and the control solution were placed on the same silica gel GF254 thin layer plate.N-hexane-ethyl acetate(3∶1)was used as the developing agent.The solution was examined under 254 nm ultraviolet lamp.Only spots with the same position and color as apiole could be seen in the thin-layer chromatogram of Fructus Anethi,while other spots could also be seen in Cicuta virosa and Fructus Foeniculi.The above methods can distinguish Fructus Anethi and their adulterants,and the results of this study can provide reference for the rapid identification of the three medicinal materials mentioned above.

关 键 词：莳萝子 毒芹子 小茴香 显微 薄层色谱 香芹酮 芹菜脑 

分 类 号：S853.7[农业科学—临床兽医学]