40例肾移植受者感染新型冠状病毒的治疗药物分析  

Therapeutic Drugs for 40 Renal Transplant Recipients with COVID-19

作　　者：叶翀[1,2] 苏涌 刘昌伟[1,2] 冯丽娟 孙旭群[1,2] 夏泉 YE Chong;SU Yong;LIU Changwei;FENG Lijuan;SUN Xuqun;XIA Quan(The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui,China 230022;The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hefei,Anhui,China 230022)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院,安徽合肥230022 [2]国家中医药管理局中药化学三级实验室,安徽合肥230022

出　　处：《中国药业》2024年第7期120-123,共4页China Pharmaceuticals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[82204703];安徽医科大学校科研基金项目[2021xkj278]。

摘　　要：目的为肾移植受者感染新型冠状病毒制订治疗方案提供参考。方法回顾性分析安徽省某三甲医院肾移植病区2022年12月6日至2023年1月5日入院且已符合出院标准的40例患者的用药情况,统计药品金额、用药剂量,计算用药频度(DDDs)和药物利用指数(DUI),分析其用药特点。结果40例患者的药费共244.29万元,约占总住院费用的63.71%,其中抗菌药物费用共142.09万元,约占总药费的58.16%。DDDs排前10位的药品为糖皮质激素、质子泵抑制剂和抗菌药物,100.00%的患者联用2种及以上抗菌药物,最多共使用6种。服用奈玛特韦利托那韦(Paxlovid)或阿兹夫定的患者39例(97.50%),其中两药联用16例(40.00%)。22例(55.00%)患者发生药品不良反应,以腹泻(42.50%)、头晕(37.50%)、转氨酶升高(32.50%)为主。结论肾移植受者感染新型冠状病毒住院期间用药复杂,联用药物较多,应加强病原学送检及培养,根据病原学检测结果进行抗感染治疗。注意药物的相互作用和药品不良反应,实现个体化用药治疗。Objective To provide a reference for the treatment of renal transplant recipients with COVID-19.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medication data of 40 patients who had met the discharge criteria in the kidney transplantation ward of a grade Ⅲ hospital in Anhui Province from December 6,2022 to January 5,2023.The drug consumption sum and dosage were recorded,and the defined daily dose system(DDDs)and drug utilization index(DUI)were calculated to analyze their medication characteristics.Results The total cost of medication for 40 patients was CNY 2.4429 million,accounting for approximately 63.71%of the total hospitalization expenses.Among them,the cost of antibiotics was CNY 1.4209 million,accounting for approximately 58.16% of the total drug cost.The top 10 drugs in terms of DDDs were glucocorticoids,proton pump inhibitors,and antibiotics,and 100.00% of patients used two or more antibiotics in combination,with a maximum of six antibiotics used in combination.A total of 39 patients(97.50%)took Paxlovid or Azovudine,of which 16 patients(40.00%)took the two drugs in combination.A total of 22 patients(55.00%)had adverse drug reactions,mainly characterized by diarrhea(42.50%),dizziness(37.50%),and elevated transaminases(32.50%).Conclusion Renal transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during hospitalization is complex and the combination of anti-infective drugs is more frequent.It is necessary to strengthen the pathogenic examination and culture,and carry out anti-infection treatment according to the pathogenic detection results.Pay attention to the occurrence of drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions,and take individualized medication treatment.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 肾移植 受者 用药频度 

分 类 号：R978.7[医药卫生—药品]