不同食物对异色瓢虫蛹体及鞘翅颜色的影响  

Effects of different foods on the color of pupa and elytra of Harmonia axyridis

作　　者：秦亚龙 孙元星 刘长仲 李明凌 郝亚楠 QIN Yalong;SUN Yuanxing;LIU Changzhong;LI Mingling;HAO Yanan(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Gansu Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第2期57-63,72,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金计划(21JR7RA848);国家自然科学基金(31960561);甘肃农业大学伏羲青年英才培养计划(Gaufx-03Y05)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探究食物(人工饲料、豌豆蚜)对异色瓢虫黑化突变体与野生型蛹和成虫的黑化程度及鞘翅中类胡萝卜素含量的影响,并分析两个表型对食物变化的响应差异。结果表明:食物种类对黑化突变体蛹背部黑斑数目无影响,但取食人工饲料时蛹表皮的黑化程度更高;野生型蛹背部黑斑数目及黑化程度均是人工饲料处理显著高于豌豆蚜处理。对雌成虫,取食人工饲料会显著增加黑化突变体与野生型鞘翅黑斑数目及黑化程度;对雄成虫,食物类型对黑化突变体与野生型鞘翅黑斑数目也有显著影响,但不影响突变体的黑化程度。黑化突变体与野生型雌雄成虫取食人工饲料后,鞘翅中类胡萝卜素含量均低于取食豌豆蚜的处理;在取食豌豆蚜的处理中,黑化突变体雌虫鞘翅中类胡萝卜素含量显著高于野生型。上述结果表明,黑化突变体自身及其响应食物变化引起的色素沉积规律较野生型有较大差异,研究结果为进一步探究异色瓢虫的色素沉积规律奠定了良好基础。The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of two different foods(artificial diet and pea aphid)on the melanization levels of pupae and adults in the melanistic mutant and the wild type of Harmonia axyridis.In addition,we sought to clarify the differences between these two phenotypes.The content of carotenoid in the elytra was also measured.The results showed that the melanistic mutant,feeding on either artificial diet or pea aphid,exhibited a similar number of black spots on the back of pupae,but the total melanization level was higher in the artificial diet treatment.In contrast,the wild type showed significantly more black spots and a higher melanization level in response to the artificial diet compared to the pea aphid treatment.In female adults,feeding on an artificial diet significantly increased the number of elytra black spots and the total melanization level in both the melanistic mutant and wild type.In males,food types also significantly affected the number of elytra black spots but didn’t affect the total melanization level of mutant type.As for carotenoid contents in the elytra,its in both the melanistic mutant and wild type fed with an artificial diet were significantly lower than those feeding on pea aphid.When fed with pea aphids,the carotenoid content in female melanistic mutant was significantly higher than that in the wild type.These results indicated that melanistic mutant had a different pigmentation response to changes in diet compared to the wild type,laying a solid foundation for further elucidating the pigmentation mechanisms in H.axyridis.

关 键 词：异色瓢虫 黑化型 黑色斑点数目 黑化面积 类胡萝卜素 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]