噻唑膦与硅肥联合使用对甘薯茎线虫病的防治效果  

Control efficacy of fosthiazate and silicon fertilizer on Ditylenchus destructor disease

作　　者：马娟[1] 高波[1] 李秀花[1] 王容燕[1] 黄山 陈书龙[1] MA Juan;GAO Bo;LI Xiuhua;WANG Rongyan;HUANG Shan;CHEN Shulong(Institute of Plant Protection,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,IPM Center of Hebei Province,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China;Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心,农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北省作物有害生物综合防治国际科技联合中心,保定071000 [2]河北北方学院,张家口075000

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第2期307-312,324,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1400400);国家甘薯产业技术体系(CARS-10);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-ZBS5)。

摘　　要：为了有效控制甘薯茎线虫病的危害,通过盆栽试验和田间试验分别研究了不同种类硅肥及噻唑膦对甘薯茎线虫病的防控效果。室内试验结果表明,单独施用硅肥对甘薯茎线虫病防治效果较差,但10%噻唑膦颗粒剂与不同种类硅肥联合使用后可显著降低甘薯种薯及薯苗受线虫侵染率,其效果优于单独使用等量的10%噻唑膦颗粒剂。田间施用噻唑膦后再增施硅肥,可使噻唑膦防治效果显著增高,甘薯受害率降低,甘薯产量提高。其中硅肥途保佳15 L/hm^(2)与10%噻唑膦颗粒剂18 kg/hm^(2)或22.5 kg/hm^(2)联合使用后,对茎线虫病的防治效果均达到87%以上,显著高于10%噻唑膦颗粒剂22.5 kg/hm^(2)处理。联合施用硅肥可以在减少噻唑膦用量情况下保持对茎线虫病较高防效,具有较好的推广应用前景。Ditylenchus destructor is one of the major pathogens in sweetpotato production,which is seriously affecting the sweetpotato yield and quality in China.In order to select the effective nematicide to control D.destructor,the effect of fosthiazate and silicon fertilizer on the nematodes and sweetpotato quality was investigated by greenhouse and field experiments.The results showed that silicon fertilizer had poor control effects on D.destructor,whereas the combination of fosthiazate with silicon fertilizer could obviously increase the seedling amount and reduce the infection rate of D.destructor in sweetpotato and the sprouts.The effect of the combination of fosthiazate and silicon fertilizer was significantly better than that of the same amount of fosthiazate alone.Field experiments revealed that the control effect of the fosthiazate 10% GR against the nematodes was significantly improved after the application of silicon fertilizer.The control efficacies of fosthiazate 10% GR(18 kg/hm^(2) or 22.5 kg/hm^(2))and silicon fertilizer Tubaojia(15 L/hm^(2))were more than 87%,significantly higher than that of fosthiazate 10% GR 22.5 kg/hm^(2).The application of silicon fertilizer enhanced the effect of fosthiazate,increased sweetpotato yield and output value.There was synergism between silicon fertilizer and fosthiazate.Therefore,the combination of fosthiazate and silicon fertilizer can reduce the use of nematicide and have wide prospects for application.

关 键 词：甘薯茎线虫 噻唑膦 硅肥 增效作用 

分 类 号：S435.311[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]