不同控草方式对花椒地杂草生长及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Different Grass Control Methods on Weed Growth and Soil Nutrients in Prickly Ash Fields

作　　者：江秋菊[1] 余丹丹 陈娇娇 潘兴镛 杨凤飞 邱宁宏[1] JIANG Qiu-ju;YU Dan-dan;CHEN Jiao-jiao;PAN Xing-yong;YANG Feng-fei;QIU Ning-hong(Zunyi Vocational and Technical College,Zunyi 563000,PRC)

机构地区：[1]遵义职业技术学院,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第2期63-67,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：遵义市科技计划项目[遵市科合支撑(NS〔2020〕181号)]。

摘　　要：为明确花椒地不同控草方式对杂草生长的影响,在遵义市红花岗区花椒基地设置4种不同控草措施(处理),即:除草剂(T1)、鼠茅草(T2)、防草布(T3)、秸秆覆盖(T4),以自然生草作为对照(CK),对比分析不同控草方式对花椒地杂草种类、数量、生物量以及土壤肥力的影响,评估不同处理的控草效果。结果表明:花椒地共出现杂草种类26种,归属16个科;4个处理均对花椒地杂草起到了不同程度的抑制效果,其中T3效果最好,仅发现4种杂草,较CK减少10种,且杂草密度和生物量均为最低,株防效和生物量防效均超过了97%;T2次之,株防效和生物量防效在5月超过了60%,在7月超过了80%;T1与T4在后期效果差;4个处理中仅T4对土壤肥力有明显的提升效果,其他处理未产生显著影响。综合来看,防草布覆盖、间种鼠茅草2种控草方式可作为遵义地区花椒地的控草技术进行应用。To clarify the impact of different grass control methods on the growth of weeds in prickly ash fields,four different grass control measures(treatments) were set in Honghuagang District of Zunyi,including herbicide(T1),Vulpia myuros(T2),grass control cloth(T3),and straw mulch(T4).With natural grass as the control(CK),the effects of different grass control methods on weed species,quantity,biomass,and soil fertility in prickly ash fields were compared,and the grass control effects of different treatments were evaluated.The results showed that there were 26 species of weeds in prickly ash fields,belonging to 16 families.All four treatments had varying degrees of inhibitory effects on weeds in prickly ash fields.Among them,the effect of T3 was the best,with only four species of weeds found,10 species fewer than CK;the weed density and biomass were the lowest,and the plant control efficiency and biomass control efficiency were more than 97%.T2 was the second best,and the plant control efficiency and biomass control efficiency exceeded 60% in May and 80% in July.T1 and T4 had poor effects in the later stage.Among the four treatments,only T4had a significant enhancing effect on soil fertility,while the other treatments showed no significant effect.Overall,the two grass control methods of grass control cloth covering and Vulpia myuros intercropping can be taken as grass control techniques for prickly ash fields in the Zunyi area.

关 键 词：花椒地 杂草 土壤肥力 遵义 

分 类 号：S573.105.3[农业科学—作物学]