基于电接触强化的铝合金表面电刷镀镍层改性研究  

Study on modification of electrobrush-plated nickel coating on aluminum alloy by electrical contact strengthening

作　　者：丁浩[1] 周珊 朱世根[1] DING Hao;ZHOU Shan;ZHU Shigen(Engineering Research Center of Advanced Textile Machinery,Ministry of Education,College of Mechanical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学机械工程学院,纺织装备教育部工程研究中心,上海201620

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2024年第3期41-47,共7页Electroplating & Finishing

摘　　要：[目的]对铝合金进行表面处理可提高其硬度和耐磨性,拓宽铝合金材料在机械零件方面的应用。[方法]采用电刷镀技术在1060铝合金表面制备Ni镀层,再通过电接触强化技术对Ni镀层进行改性。采用扫描电子显微镜和维氏硬度计考察了Ni镀层电接触强化前后的微观组织和显微硬度。通过摩擦磨损试验对比了1016铝合金及Ni镀层电接触强化前后的耐磨性。[结果]经电接触强化后,Ni镀层内部的裂纹及孔洞类缺陷减少,晶粒间隙减小,致密性提高,显微硬度增大到524.4~560.3 HV0.1范围内。1016铝合金在摩擦磨损试验后存在较深的犁沟和剥落,耐磨性较差。Ni镀层的耐磨性优于1016铝合金,但在摩擦过程中会发生剥落。经电接触强化的Ni镀层在摩擦过程中摩擦因数平稳,表面只是轻微擦伤,耐磨性最佳。[结论]结合电刷镀镍和电接触强化技术可显著提高铝合金的表面性能。[Introduction]Surface treatment can improve the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys,broadening their applications in mechanical parts.[Method]A nickel coating was formed on the surface of 1060 aluminum alloy by electrobrush plating,and then modified by electrical contact strengthening.The microstructure and microhardness of the Ni coating before and after electrical contact strengthening were studied by using scanning electron microscope and Vickers hardness tester.The wear resistance of 1016 aluminum alloy and Ni coating treated by electrical contact strengthening or not were compared through friction and wear test.[Result]After being electrically contact strengthened,the Ni coating became more compact with fewer cracks and cavities and smaller grain gap.Its microhardness was also improved to 524.4-560.3 HV0.1.There were deep furrows and spalling on the surface of 1016 aluminum alloy after friction and wear test due to its poor wear resistance.The Ni coating had better wear resistance than 1016 aluminum alloy,but it spalled locally during friction.The electrically contact strengthened Ni coating had the best wear resistance.Its friction coefficient was stable during friction and wear test,and only a slight abrasion was remained.[Conclusion]The surface properties of aluminum alloy can be significantly improved by combining electrobrush nickel plating and electrical contact strengthening.

关 键 词：铝合金 电刷镀 电接触强化 微观组织 显微硬度 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TQ153.12[化学工程—电化学工业]