说瓒——商代玉器名实考之二  

On瓒(Zan):The Second Investigation into Names and Material Objects of Jade Ware of Shang Dynasty

作　　者：杜金鹏[1] DU Jinpeng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京市100101

出　　处：《华夏考古》2024年第1期101-111,153,共12页Huaxia Archaeology

摘　　要：商代玉瓒是用于祼礼的并以玉柄形器为柄的酒器,瓒斗以蚌片或玉片为饰。甲骨文“瓒”字本为玉瓒象形字,后演化为与其他裸器结合的会意字,并简化、异化而脱离了瓒字之本形。裸字从瓒从示或从口、从酉、从手,会意字。晚商和早周时期,青铜器铭文中部分原释作“璋”字的玉器名,可能释读为“瓒”更妥。In Shang Dynasty,the jade(zan),a ladle with a jade handle and designed to ladle wine,was used in 祼(guan),a ceremony during which wine was poured,served,or sacrificed.The dipper of zan is decorated with pieces of clam shells,or jade.The oracle bone character for zan was initially a pictographic character of jade zan.Later,it evolved into an ideographic character associated with other ritual vessels used in(guan),and,after simplifications and variations,broke away from the original pictograph of zan.The character,祼(guan),is an ideographic character based upon瓒(zan),示,or its radicals口,酉 and 手 Previously,in the inscriptions on bronzeware of late Shang and early Zhou,the character that refers to the name of a jade vessel was decoded as"璋(zhang)".It may be more appropriate to interpret this character as"瓒(zan)".

关 键 词：玉柄形器 瓒 祼 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]