小型多旋翼无人机振动特性分析及改进  

Vibration Characterization and Improvement of Small Multi-Rotor UAVs

作　　者：滕建鑫 张天怡 李欣 胡琦 王宣博 TENG Jian-xin;ZHANG Tian-yi;LI Xin;HU Qi;WANG Xuan-bo(Aerospace Times Feihong Technology Limited Company,Beijing 100094)

机构地区：[1]航天时代飞鸿技术有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《环境技术》2024年第2期138-145,167,共9页Environmental Technology

摘　　要：为改善某小型多旋翼无人机飞行试验中的共振现象,本文系统分析了该无人机的模态与谐响应振动特性,从机臂铺层结构出发,进行复合材料铺层方案的优化与改进。通过仿真计算结果可以发现,45°铺层角度正负方向与0°铺层位置的改变对于振动特性的影响极其微弱,可以忽略不计。但中性面的改变对频率和幅值的影响显著,中性面为0°铺层时,振动特性整体得到了明显改善。并且不同中性面方案均表现出随着0°铺层数量的增加,频率逐渐右移、幅值逐渐降低的规律。因此,为实现本型及类似构型多旋翼无人机振动特性优化,建议优先选择0°中性面铺层并合理增加0°铺层数量(3~4层为宜)。In order to improve the resonance phenomenon in the flight test of a small multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),this paper systematically analyzes the modal and harmonic response vibration characteristics of the UAV,and carries out the optimization and improvement of the composite material layup scheme from the arm layup structure.Through the simulation results,it can be found that the change of the positive and negative directions of the 45°pavement angle and the 0°pavement position has an extremely weak effect on the vibration characteristics,which can be ignored.However,the change of neutral plane has a significant effect on the frequency and amplitude,and the overall vibration characteristics are significantly improved when the neutral plane is 0°pavement.And the different neutral surface schemes all show the pattern of gradual rightward shift of frequency and gradual decrease of amplitude with the increase of the number of 0°pavements.Therefore,in order to optimize the vibration characteristics of this and similar configurations of multi-rotor UAVs,it is recommended to give priority to the selection of 0°neutral surface pavement and to reasonably increase the number of 0°pavement layers(3~4 layers are appropriate).

关 键 词：多旋翼无人机 振动特性 模态分析 谐响应分析 复合材料层合结构 

分 类 号：TB21[一般工业技术—工程设计测绘]