我国老年人的社会网络类型与健康相关行为的关联分析  

Correlations between social network types and health-related behaviors among the elderly in China

作　　者：王妍菲 马文骏 曹力晶 李京鸿 郑建中 佟岩 WANG Yan-fei;MA Wen-jun;CAO Li-jing;LI Jing-hong;ZHENG Jian-zhong;TONG Yan(Department of socialmedicine,School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第6期1070-1076,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的识别我国老年人的社会网络类型,分析其人群分布特征,探讨不同社会网络类型与健康行为之间的关联,为开展个性化的健康干预策略提供参考。方法采用2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据,利用潜在类别分析识别老年人的社会网络类型,应用无序多分类logistic回归模型和Apriori算法分析不同社会网络类型与健康相关行为的关联。结果纳入6184名老年人,我国老年人的社会网络类型分为家庭型(45.97%),夫妻型(41.91%)和寡居型(12.12%)。无序多分类logistic模型显示:年龄较大(OR=1.141,95%CI:1.132~1.149)、女性(OR=4.472,95%CI:3.846~5.201)、少数民族(OR=1.454,95%CI:1.037~2.040)和睡眠充足(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.010~1.328)的老年人具有家庭型社会网络的概率更大;年龄较大(OR=1.120,95%CI:1.109~1.131)、女性(OR=4.913,95%CI:4.007~6.026)和睡眠充足(OR=1.247,95%CI:1.039~1.498)的老年人具有寡居型社会网络的概率更大。关联规则中的强关联规则为:饮酒、吸烟、不锻炼老年人的社会网络多为夫妻型。结论我国老年人群体中夫妻型更易存在不健康行为,其社交网络范围较小,社会支持单一,因此可通过丰富社会网络、增强社会支持、开展代际干预等措施改善老年人的健康行为生活方式。Objective To identify the types of social networks of the elderly in China,to analyze their population distribution characteristics,and to explore the association between different social network types and health behaviors,so as to provide reference for developing personalized health intervention strategies.Methods Using the data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,latent class analysis was used to identify the types of social networks in the elderly.The Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis and Apriori algorithm were used to analyze the association between different social network types and health-related behaviors.Results A total of 6184 elderly people was included in this study.The social network types of the elderly in China were divided into family type(45.97%),couple type(41.91%)and widowed type(12.12%).Results from the Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis showed that the elderly who were older(OR=1.141,95%CI:1.132-1.149),female(OR=4.472,95%CI:3.846-5.201),in ethnic minority(OR=1.454,95%CI:1.037-2.040),and had sufficient sleep(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.010-1.328)were more likely of the family-oriented social network.The elderly who were older(OR=1.120,95%CI:1.109-1.131),female(OR=4.913,95%CI:4.007-6.026)and had sufficient sleep(OR=1.247,95%CI:1.039-1.498)were more likely of the widowed-like social network.Strong association rules of the association rule is:drinking,smoking,and exercise of the elderly social network for couples.Conclusion The couple type is more likely to have unhealthy behaviors in the elderly in China,and its social network is smaller and its social support is single.Therefore,it is necessary to enrich the social network,enhance social support,and carry out intergenerational intervention to improve the healthy behavior of the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 社会网络类型 健康相关行为 潜在类别分析 关联分析 

分 类 号：R193.8[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]