40种农药对家蚕的急性毒性与安全性评价  

Acute Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of 40 Pesticides on Silkworms

作　　者：杨一平 陈伟国 濮利罡 戴建忠 戎凤鸣 孙海燕 YANG Yiping;CHEN Weiguo;PU Ligang;DAI Jianzhong;RONG Fengming;SUN Haiyan(Haining City Economic Crop Technical Service Station,Jiaxing 314400 Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Yayun Eco-agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Jiaxing 314407 Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]海宁市经济作物技术服务站,浙江嘉兴314400 [2]浙江雅云生态农业有限公司,浙江嘉兴314407

出　　处：《蚕桑通报》2023年第4期37-41,共5页Bulletin of Sericulture

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2022SNJF043);浙江省蚕桑产业团队技术项目(浙农科发〔2022〕10号)。

摘　　要：测定和评价了除草剂、植物生长调节剂、杀软体动物剂、杀鼠剂等40种农药对家蚕的急性毒性和风险性等级。试验结果表明:26种除草剂中,200 g/L敌草快水剂对家蚕3龄起蚕的致死中浓度为193.14 mg/L,急性毒性中等,对家蚕具有极高风险性,残毒期约为3 d;38%莠去津悬浮剂对家蚕低毒,但具有高风险性,在桑叶上的残毒期超过30 d;其余24种除草剂对家蚕低毒,其中3种除草剂为中等风险性、21种除草剂为低风险性;9种植物生长调节剂、3种杀鼠剂、2种杀软体动物剂对家蚕均为低毒、低风险性;0.005%溴敌隆饵剂等3种杀鼠剂在蚕室内应规范使用,避免药剂接触桑叶。The acute toxicity and risk levels of 40 pesticides,including herbicides,plant growth regulators,molluscicides,and rodenticides,on silkworms were measured and evaluated.The experimental results showed that among the 26 herbicides,the LC50 of 200 g/L Diquat fast water agent on the third instar silkworms was 193.14 mg/L,with moderate acute toxicity and extremely high risk to silkworms.The residual toxicity period was about 3 days;38%Atrazine suspension has low toxicity to silkworms,but has high risk,with a residual toxicity period of over 30 days on mulberry leaves;The remaining 24 herbicides have low toxicity to silkworms,with 3 herbicides being of medium risk and 21 herbicides being of low risk;9 plant growth regulators,3 rodenticides,and 2 molluscicides are all low toxic and low-risk to silkworms;Three rodenticides,including 0.005%bromadiolone bait,should be used in a silkworm room in a standardized manner to avoid contact with mulberry leaves.

关 键 词：农药 家蚕 急性毒性 风险性 残毒期 

分 类 号：S884[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]