角柱形垂直掏槽爆破参数研究  

Research on Blasting Parameters of Prism Vertical Cutting

作　　者：章逸锋 李洪超 张智宇[3] 刘浩杉 徐泽辉 Zhang Yifeng;Li Hongchao;Zhang Zhiyu;Liu HaoShan;Xu ZeHui(Public Safety and emergency management,Kunming Univ of Sci and Technol,Kunming 650093,P.R.China;City College,Kunming Univ of Sci and Technol,Kunming 650093,P.R.China;Faculty of Land Resources Eng,Kunming Univ of Sci and Technol,Kunming 650093,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学城市学院,昆明650093 [3]昆明理工大学国土资源与工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2024年第1期31-41,共11页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AG050024);国家自然科学基金(52164010,52064025)。

摘　　要：针对角柱形掏槽孔网参数确定问题,依据前人研究,总结推导了岩体爆破作用下粉碎区半径Rp和裂隙区半径Rf的计算模型,量化了爆炸应力波和爆生气体对岩体破碎的影响,并根据Rp和Rf的结果结合碎胀空间效应构建了角柱形掏槽孔网参数的计算模型。结合现场实际情况,可得爆炸应力波产生的粉碎区半径R1=50 mm,裂隙区半径R2=550 mm,爆生气体二次破碎产生的粉碎区半径l c=16 mm,裂隙区半径l g=420 mm;从而得到Rp=66 mm、Rf=970 mm结合碎胀空间效应,可知装药孔和空孔距离L和装药孔间距L_(1)满足66 mm<L<L_(1)<160 mm,依据现场实际取L=0.1 m、L_(1)=0.15 m;对该掏槽方案建立数值模型进行计算,模拟结果表明裂隙区裂纹平均长度为1069.4 mm,与Rf=970 mm相比误差为99.7 mm,粉碎区槽腔破碎的平均长度为67.1 mm,与Rp=66 mm相比误差仅为1.1 mm,再对该掏槽方案进行多次现场巷道掘进试验,试验结果表明炮孔利用率可由原先的80%提高至93%以上,验证了模型的有效性。Aiming at the problem of determining the parameters of the corner-column cutting hole network,according to the previous research,the calculation model of the radius of the crushing zone Rp and the radius of the fracture zone Rf under the action of rock blasting is summarized and deduced,the effects of blast stress waves and blast gases on rock fragmentation are quantified,and according to the results of Rp and Rf combined with the effect of distending space,the calculation model of the parameters of the cut hole mesh was constructed.Combined with the actual calculation example on site,The radius of the crushing zone caused by the explosion stress wave is R1=50 mm,the radius of the crack zone is R2=550 mm,the radius of the crushing zone caused by the secondary crushing of the explosive gas is l c=16 mm,and the radius of the crack zone is l g=420 mm.Since the holes should be located in Rp=66 mm,Rf=970 mm combination with the space effect of crushing expansion,the distance between the charging hole L and the empty hole and the distance between the charging holes L_(1) must satisfy 66 mm<L<L_(1)<160 mm.Combined with the actual on-site L=0.1 m,L_(1)=0.15 m.A numerical model is established for the cutting scheme to calculate,the simulation results show that the average crack length in the fissure zone is 1069.4 mm,compared with Rf=970 mm,the error is 99.7 mm,the average length of the crushed cavity in the crushing area is 67.1 mm,and the error is only 1.1 mm compared with Rp=66 mm.The cutting scheme has been carried out for many times on-site roadway excavation experiments.The test results show that the utilization rate of the blasthole can be increased from the original 80%to more than 93%,which verifies the validity of the model.

关 键 词：角柱形掏槽 爆炸能量 爆生气体 爆破参数 

分 类 号：TD236[矿业工程—矿井建设]