不同骨架材质纳米纤维对空气中多种金属元素的捕集效率比较研究  

A Comparative Study for the Collection Efficiency of Different Nanofiber Membrane made of Different Polymer towards Several Metal Elements in Air

作　　者：邓晓燕 张培新[1] 康学军[2] Deng Xiaoyan;Zhang Peixin;Kang Xuejun(Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210018,China;Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省地质调查研究院,江苏南京210018 [2]东南大学,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第3期14-16,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本文研制了聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、醋酸素(AC)、丙烯酸树脂(AR)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚酰胺(PA6)六种高分子材料滤膜,XRD测试结果表明其结晶型不同,接触角测试结果表明PA6、PAN是亲水性、PS、PPS、AC、AR是疏水性材料。对空气颗粒物中的重金属富集后,用振荡的前处理技术洗脱、解析目标金属离子,通过ICP-MS检测方法对铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)、锡(Sn)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)和硒(Se)九种重金属离子进行测定。实验发现,不同的纳米纤维滤膜对不同的重金属离子具有选择性的捕集作用。其中,PS和PA6对Cr富集效率比其他的元素要高,AR对Sn富集效率好,PAN对Cr和Sn富集效率相对其他的离子显著提高,PPS对Pb的捕集效率大大提高,远远高于其它离子。AC对Pb、Cr、Ni吸附效果好,对于具有金属和非金属两性的元素As和Se吸附效果也较好。研究表明,采用纳米纤维捕集空气中重金属为环境空气中痕量重金属元素分析提供一种简便、快速、灵敏、准确的新采样方法。In this paper,six kinds of polymer membrane were developed,including polystyrene(PS),polyphenylene sulfide(PPS),acetic acid hormone(AC),acrylic(AR),polyacrylonitrile(PAN),Polyamide 6(PA6).The results of XRD showed that their crystalline types were different;the contact angle measurement results showed that PA6 and PAN were hydrophilic materials;PS,PPS,AC and AR were hydrophobic materials.After enriching the particulates containing heavy metals from air,the target metal ions were eluted by oscillation.Afterwards,nine kinds of heavy metal ions were detected by ICP-MS,which were chromium(Cr),manganese(Mn),Nickel(Ni),copper(Cu),cadmium(Cd),tin(Sn),lead(Pb),arsenic(As)and selenium(Se).The experiment results indicated that nanofiber membranes have trapping selectivity for heavy metal ions.The enrichment efficiency of PS and PA6 for Cr was higher than other elements,AR was better for Sn,comparing with other metals.The enrichment efficiency of PAN towards Cr and Sn ions was significantly higher than other metals.The trapping efficiency of PPS towards Pb was much higher than other ions.AC have superior adsorption effect for Pb,Cr,Ni,and the same effect for As and Se.The results showed that using nanofibers to trap heavy metals in air provided a new sampling method for the analysis of trace heavy metal,which is simple,rapid,sensitive and accurate.

关 键 词：纳米纤维 重金属 ICP-MS 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]