无卤阻燃改性超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备及性能  

Preparation and performance of halogen-free flame retardant modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber

作　　者：苏家凯 刘双艳 厉勇 温晓丹 刘艳玲 赵衍逊 SU Jiakai;LIU Shuangyan;LI Yong;WEN Xiaodan;LIU Yaning;ZHAO Yanxun(Shandong Nanshan Zhishang Technology Co.,Ltd.,Longkou 265700,China;Shandong Nanshan Institute of Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Longkou 265700,China)

机构地区：[1]山东南山智尚科技股份有限公司,山东龙口265700 [2]山东南山科学技术研究院有限公司,山东龙口265700

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第3期39-44,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：通过氮磷系阻燃剂复配方式,以三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)为主阻燃剂,二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)为协效阻燃剂,六方氮化硼(h-BN)为杂化改性剂,白油为溶剂,制备了无卤阻燃超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)纤维。首先对阻燃剂粉体进行干燥、表面处理,然后与白油共混,经过超声波液相分散、研磨机高速研磨,得到无卤阻燃浆料。将此阻燃浆料分散到PE-UHMW纺丝原液中,经双螺杆挤出机挤出得到冻胶丝,冻胶丝经过溶剂萃取、干燥、热牵伸,最终得到阻燃PE-UHMW纤维,对纤维的阻燃性能和力学性能进行表征。结果表明,通过研磨机的反复研磨,可将粉体粒径降低到百纳米级别,更易于在PE-UHMW溶胀液中分散,且极大地提升了阻燃纤维的可纺性;杂化改性剂提升了复配阻燃剂的阻燃性和材料的阻燃等级,当h-BN质量分数为4%时,阻燃剂质量分数可以到20%,PE-UHMW纤维的极限氧指数值达到27.5%,材料阻燃等级达到V-0级;通过一系列改性手段,可使PE-UHMW纤维在添加大量的阻燃粉体后,仍能保持良好的可纺性,且改性对纤维力学性能影响较小,拓宽了PE-UHMW纤维的应用领域,提升其使用价值。By nitrogen and phosphorus flame retardant compounding,with melamine cyanurate(MCA)as the main flame retardant,aluminum diethylphosphonate(ADP)as the co-efficient flame retardant,hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)as the heterogeneous modifier,and white oil as the solvent,halogen-free flame retardant ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(PE-UHMW)fiber were prepared.Firstly,the flame retardant powder was dried and surface treated,then it was co-mingled with white oil,and after ultrasonic liquid-phase dispersion and high-speed grinding by mill,the halogen-free flame retardant slurry was obtained.The flame retardant slurry was dispersed into the PE-UHMW spinning stock,and extruded by the twin-screw extruder to obtain the lyophilized filament,which was solvent-extracted,dried,and thermally drafted to obtain the flame retardant PE-UHMW fibers,and then the flame retardant properties as well as the mechanical properties of the fibers were characterized.The results show that the powder particle size can be reduced to hundred nanometer level by repeated grinding of the mill,which is easier to be dispersed in the PE-UHMW dissolution solution and greatly improves the spinnability of the flame retardant fibers;the heterogeneous modifier improves the flame retardancy of the compound flame retardant and the flame retardant grade of the material.When the addition amount h-BN is 4%,the mass fraction of flame retardants can be added to 20%,the fiber limiting oxygen index value reaches 27.5%,and the material flame retardant grade can reach V-0.Above all,through a series of modification means,it can make PE-UHMW fiber maintain good spinnability after adding a large amount of flame retardant powder.Meanwhile,the modification has less effect on the mechanical properties of the fiber,which broadens the application field of PE-UHMW fiber and enhances its use value.

关 键 词：杂化 无卤阻燃 阻燃剂复配 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维 极限氧指数 

分 类 号：TQ342.61[化学工程—化纤工业]