元素周期表中的电子亲和势及砷电子亲和势的测量示例  

Electron Affinities in the Periodic Table and an Example for As

作　　者：闫帅廷 陆禹竹 张瑞[1] 宁传刚[1] Shuaiting Yan;Yuzhu Lu;Rui Zhang;Chuangang Ning(Department of Physics,State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics,Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学物理系低维量子物理国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics》2024年第1期1-12,I0117,共13页化学物理学报（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12374244,No.11974199);the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0306504);Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20231367)。

摘　　要：基于先前对原子的电子亲和势和原子负离子的分析工作[J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data 51,021502(2022)],本篇综述提供了一个关于原子的电子亲和势的简要概述.本文简要描述和对比了三种常用的测量电子亲和势的实验方法,以凸显它们各自的优缺点.为了阐明目前研究中所使用的慢电子速度成像法的特点,本文对砷元素(As)的电子亲和势以及其负离子(As-)的激发态进行了测量.测得As元素的电子亲和势为6488.61(5)cm^(-1)或0.804485(6)eV.实验清晰地分辨了As-的精细结构,其激发态^(3)P_(1)能量比基态^(3)P_(2)的能量高出1029.94(18)cm^(-1)或0.12770(3)eV;激发态^(3)P_(0)能量比基态^(3)P_(2)的能量高出1343.04(55)cm^(-1)或0.16652(7)eV.Based on our previous analysis of electron affinities of atoms and structures of atomic negative ions[J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data 51,021502(2022)],this review provides a concise presentation of the electron affinities of atoms.We briefly describe and compare three commonly used experimental methods for determining electron affinities to highlight their respective advantages and disadvantages.To illustrate the features of the slow electron velocity-map imaging method utilized in our current study,we conducted measurements on the electron affinity of As and excited states of its anion.The electron affinity of As was determined to be 6488.61(5)cm^(-1) or 0.804485(6)eV.The fine structures of As were well resolved,with values of 1029.94(18)cm^(-1)or 0.12770(3)eV for ^(3)P_(1) and 1343.04(55)cm^(-1) or 0.16652(7)eV for ^(3)P_(0) above the ground state ^(3)P_(2),respectively.

关 键 词：元素周期表 电子亲和势 砷元素 慢电子速度成像 

分 类 号：O641[理学—物理化学]