宜宾高海拔烟区全生育期覆膜对烤烟产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Film Mulching during Whole Growth Period on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Yibin High-altitude Tobacco-growing Area

作　　者：郭冲 张通 许艳玲 郭仕平[2] 杨懿德 张洪淇 刘雅洁 杨兴有[2] 曾淑华[1] GUO Chong;ZHANG Tong;XU Yan-ling;GUO Shi-ping;YANG Yi-de;ZHANG Hong-qi;LIU Ya-jie;YANG Xing-you;ZENG Shu-hua(College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Tobacco Company,Chengdu 610017,China;Yibin Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Yibin 644600,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川省烟草公司,四川成都610017 [3]四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司,四川宜宾644600

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2024年第1期27-34,41,共9页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：四川省烟草公司科技项目“烟草地膜分类栽培技术优化与全生物降解地膜替代研究及示范”(SCYC202306)。

摘　　要：为探讨宜宾高海拔烟区全生育期覆膜栽培配套的栽培措施,提高宜宾高海拔烟区烟叶的质量及经济效益。采用正交试验L9(34)设计,设置移栽方式(膜下小苗移栽、井窖式移栽、膜上大苗移栽)、地膜颜色(白色、黑色、双色)、揭膜方式(全生育期覆膜、移栽后40 d揭膜、移栽后40 d撕膜打孔)3个因素,共9个处理,分析各处理对烤烟农艺性状、经济性状、综合质量的影响。在宜宾海拔1200 m烟区实行全生育期覆膜和移栽后40 d撕膜打孔比移栽后40 d揭膜的减工降本效应分别为2657和2522元/hm2,实际经济效益无差异,烤后烟叶的综合质量得分分别提高3.20%、3.99%。由此可知,在宜宾高海拔烟区全生育期覆膜栽培配套井窖式移栽和双色地膜覆盖,不仅能降低生产用工量,而且还能提高烟叶的质量。In order to improve tobacco quality and economic benefit in Yibin high-altitude tobacco-growing area,the appropriate mulching cultivation measures for the whole growth period were discussed.Orthogonal experiment L9(34)design was adopted,and three factors were set,namely transplanting method(transplanting of small seedlings under the membrane,well cellar type transplanting and transplanting of large seedlings on the membrane),color of mulching film(white,black and twocolor),and uncovering method(covering film during the whole growth period,uncovering film 40 days after transplanting and tearing film and punching holes 40 days after transplanting),with a total of 9 treatments.The effects on agronomic characters,economic characters and comprehensive quality of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed.There was no difference in actual output value between film mulching during the whole growth period and film tearing and drilling at 40 days after transplanting compared with film uncovering at 40 days after transplanting in Yibin tobacco-growing area of 1200 m altitude,the cost reduction effect was 2657 yuan/hm2 and 2522 yuan/hm2,and the comprehensive quality of cured tobacco increased by 3.20%and 3.99%,respectively.Therefore,in the high-altitude tobacco-growing area of Yibin,the cultivation method of film mulching during the whole growth period combined with well cellar transplanting and two-color mulching film can not only reduce production labor,but also improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 覆膜 高海拔 产量 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]