基于居家养老的县域老年服务设施布局评价及优化——以常熟市为例  

Evaluation and Optimization of Elderly Service Facility Layout in Counties Based on Home-based Elderly Care:A Case Study of Changshu

作　　者：徐海贤 李兆中 甄峰[2] XU Haixian;LI Zhaozhong;ZHEN Feng

机构地区：[1]江苏省规划设计集团技术中心 [2]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《城乡规划》2024年第1期24-33,共10页Urban and Rural Planning

摘　　要：在人口老龄化持续加深的背景下,居家养老服务需求日益增长。县域作为我国基本行政单元,处于社会经济体系边缘,养老问题更加严峻,完善面向居家养老模式的老年服务设施支撑体系,成为县域规划面临的重要课题。文章分析居家养老模式下老年服务设施的构成要素,以常熟市为例,采用基尼系数、区位熵等方法,从供需匹配视角开展县域老年服务设施布局评价。结果显示,老年服务设施在全域范围内的布局显著优于中心城区,日间照料设施的总体布局较为合理,但中心城区的社区卫生服务中心和公园广场的供需失衡,各类设施空间的分布均存在特定的集聚区和盲区。基于评价结果,文章有针对性地提出老年服务设施布局的优化思路与策略。With the deepening of population aging,the demand for home-based elderly care services is growing.Counties,as the basic administrative unit and at the periphery of socio-economic system in China,face even more severe aging issues.Improving the support system of elderly service facilities for home-based elderly care has become a crucial task for county-level planning.This paper analyzes the elements of elderly service facilities under the home-based elderly care model.The study takes Changshu as an example to evaluate the layout of elderly service facilities in the county from the perspective of supply and demand matching by using Gini coefficient and location entropy.The results show that the overall layout of elderly service facilities across the entire region significantly outperforms that within the central urban area.The overall layout of day care facilities is reasonably well-balanced,while imbalance exists in the supply and demand of community health service centers and park squares in the central urban area.There are specific clusters and blind areas in the spatial distribution of various facilities.Based on the evaluation results,the optimization ideas and strategies for the layout of elderly service facilities are proposed.

关 键 词：老龄化 居家养老 老年服务设施 设施布局 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]