应用鱼类生物完整性指数评价黑水河河流健康状况  

River Health Assessment of Heishui River Using the Fish-based Index of Biotic Integrity

作　　者：李文 滕航 田辉伍[1] 邓华堂[1] 成必新 杨少荣 刘绍平[1] 陈大庆[1] 段辛斌[1] LI Wen;TENG Hang;TIAN Hui-wu;DENG Hua-tang;CHENG Bi-xin;YANG Shao-rong;LIU Shao-ping;CHEN Da-qing;DUAN Xin-bin(Fishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of The Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Wuhan 430223,P.R.China;College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,P.R.China;School of Life Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,P.R.China;Shanghai Investigation,Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd,Shanghai 200434,P.R.China;China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业农村部长江中上游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,湖北武汉430223 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [4]上海勘测设计研究院有限公司,上海200434 [5]中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司,四川成都610041

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第2期73-83,共11页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：中国三峡建设管理有限公司科研项目(JG/18056B,JG/18057B);国家自然科学基金项目(51909271);中国水产科学研究院创新团队项目(2020TD09)。

摘　　要：黑水河为金沙江下游一级支流,是白鹤滩库区干流鱼类的重要替代生境和优先保护支流,评价黑水河河流健康状况,可为黑水河鱼类栖息地生态修复提供数据支撑。2018年11月至2019年9月在黑水河23个采样点开展了4次鱼类资源调查,共采集到鱼类45(亚)种,隶属于4目10科33属。以黑水河河口、水文站上游和825回水点作为参照点,经过分布范围、判别能力及Pearson相关性分析等指标构建黑水河鱼类生物完整性指数(F-IBI)评价体系。使用1、3、5赋值法和比值法计算各采样点的IBI分值以评价各采样点健康状况,结果显示,1、3、5赋值法和比值法的结果虽不完全相同,但趋势是一致的。黑水河大部分采样点的健康状况处于“较差”和“一般”水平。相关性分析结果显示,F-IBI分值与海拔呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。丰度生物量比较曲线显示,黑水河鱼类群落结构整体上受到中度干扰。Heishui River is a tributary of the lower Jinsha River,and an important alternative habitat and priority protection tributary for the fish community in the mainstream of Baihetan reservoir.In this study,we constructed a fish-based index of biotic integrity(F-IBI)evaluation system for the Heishui River.The biological integrity of the fish community was then analyzed and the ecological health of Heishui River was evaluated.Our aim was to provide data to support sustainable manage-ment and habitat restoration of the fishery resource in Heishui River.Construction of the F-IBI was based on fish resource surveys conducted at 23 sampling sites in Heishui River from November 2018 to September 2019.Fish samples were collected using gill nets and cages,and all the fish collected were classified in situ.A total of 45 fish species from 33 genera,10 families and 4 orders were iden-tified.Fishery survey data at the Heishui River estuary,upstream of the hydrometric station,and the 825 backwater point was used as the reference point.Eight of the 27 candidate metrics were selected to establish the evaluation system using distribution range analysis,discriminatory power analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis.The F-IBI value of each sampling site in Heishui River was calculated in two ways,using a ranked scale of 1,3 and 5,and the ratio method.Five grades of ecological health were set based on the F-IBI values:(1)no fish,(2)very poor,(3)poor,(4)fair and(5)healthy.While the ecological health of sampling sites was higher with the ratio method,the trend was consistent.The health status of most sampling sites in Heishui River was poor or fair.Pearson correlation analysis shows that F-IBI values were significantly negatively correlated with altitude(P<0.01).The abundance-biomass comparison(ABC)curve shows that the fish community structure in Heishui River was moderately disturbed.The assessment was consistent with the actual situation of river drainage and provides a scientific basis for environmental protection and health monitori

关 键 词：鱼类生物完整性指数 河流健康 黑水河 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]