肉鸡平养鸡舍自走式粪污清收装袋一体机研制  

Design and test of the integrated machine for self-propelled manure collection and bagging in flat chicken coops

作　　者：李许杰 闫锋欣[1] 胡凯 何鑫 马泽峰 袁青妍 MIRZOEV Shamsullo Izatovich LI Xujie;YAN Fengxin;HU Kai;HE Xin;MA Zefeng;YUAN Qingyan;MIRZOEV Shamsullo Izatovich(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Jiangsu Lihua Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213168,China;Faculty of Mechanization of Agriculture,Tajik Agrarian University,Dushanbe 734003,Tajikistan)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,杨凌712100 [2]江苏立华牧业股份有限公司,常州213168 [3]塔吉克农业大学农业机械化学院,杜尚别734003

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第3期251-261,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：上合现代化农业发展研究院项目(SCO22C002);陕西省科学技术协会国际交流项目(2023-3-1-1);江苏心力量智能科技有限公司研发项目(2021009252600709);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002401);江苏立华牧业股份有限公司研发项目(JSLH-KY-20191206)。

摘　　要：针对肉鸡平养鸡舍粪污表层结饼、地面不平、清收量大等问题,该研究研制了可实现舍内粪污表层破碎、收集装袋和地面清扫等功能的自走式清粪装袋一体机。通过优选作业形式,结合功能需求和平养鸡舍尺寸,设计了整机关键机构的结构形式和工作参数;通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA模块仿真粪污破碎过程,分析了破碎过程中刀具的受力情况,当破碎力大于165.32 N时可实现粪污表层的破碎,刀具的仿真阻力均值与计算值的相对误差为1.10%,刀具结构参数设计合理;利用ANSYS静力学模块和振动模态分析模块验证机架强度和稳定性。根据优化结果试制机样机,通过粪污清收预试验和舍内清收试验验证整机和清收效果。试验结果表明,机具行走速度为0.10 m/s、工作部件转速为240 r/min时,地面洁净率为95.38%,清收速率为178.02 m^(2)/h,满足肉鸡平养鸡舍粪污清收作业要求。研究成果可为肉鸡等地面平养畜禽的粪污清收装备研发提供理论指导和技术支撑。Free-range raising in sheds can serve as one of the most crucial steps in the advancement of chicken farming into high-welfare farms.Among them,the composted chicken manure can be converted into valuable resources of organic fertilizer.There is a high demand for mechanized equipment to clean and collect the manure in flat chicken coops.However,various breeding conditions have also been hindered,including the uneven ground conditions within the flat chicken coops,the compact manure layers caused by chickens trampling,and the excessive workload associated with the manual collection of chicken manure.In this study,a novel integrated machine was presented with the self-propelled mode of surface crushing,collecting and bagging,as well as floor cleaning for the efficient management of chicken manure in flat coop environments.Firstly,a field test was conducted to obtain the dimensions of flat chicken coops,the distribution patterns of breeding equipment inside the coops,and material properties(such as thickness and moisture content after post-slaughter processing).Secondly,a crushing mechanism was designed to realize the continuous rotary tillage and crushing using a rotary blade.A folding mechanism was utilized to symmetrically transport through spiral blades.A fecal lifting mechanism was to pack the feces using a chain rake scraper,and a rolling brush mechanism was to clean the residual feces.The operation was finally optimized,according to the required functions of the integrated machine.The results showed that the crushing,collecting,and material lifting mechanisms cleared an area of 216,280.56,and 280.98 m^(2)/h,respectively.There was no blocking in the collection of the chicken manure,which fully met the design requirements of the entire machine.The crushing mechanism was continuously in contact with the manure layer during cleaning and collecting,which was the most prone component to wear and crack.ANSYS/LD-DYNA module was used to dynamically simulate the manure crushing,and then determine the force on the blade

关 键 词：机械 设计 养殖 平养鸡舍 清粪机 

分 类 号：S817.9[农业科学—畜牧学]