新疆灌区农业节水发展现状与对策建议  

Status and countermeasures of agricultural water saving development in irrigation areas of Xinjiang

作　　者：李云霞 范军亮 关新元[1,2] 刘辉 尹飞虎[1,2,3] LI Yunxia;FAN Junliang;GUAN Xinyuan;LIU Hui;YIN Feihu(Institute of Farmland Water Conservancy and Soil-Fertilizer,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science,Shihezi 832000,China;Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture,Shihezi 832000,China;China Agricultural Reclamation Water Saving Agricultural Industry Technology Alliance,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院农田水利与土壤肥料研究所,石河子832000 [2]农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室,石河子832000 [3]中国农垦节水农业产业技术联盟,石河子832000

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2024年第2期93-98,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2023-XZ-86,2022-XY-64)。

摘　　要：水是新疆可持续发展的生命线,也是新疆农业发展的瓶颈。农业是新疆用水大户,占经济社会总用水量的90%以上,南疆农业用水占比更高。新疆节水潜力重点在农业,农业节水是新疆经济社会可持续发展的根本出路。为提高新疆农业水资源利用效率,促进农业高质量发展,本文梳理回顾了新疆灌区农业节水发展历程,分析了农业节水发展现状及存在问题,结合新时期国家对新疆农业发展的新定位、新要求,提出了大力发展适水型现代农业、加大高效节水工程建设、持续推进降盐节水、加强数字化灌区建设、加强农业节水宣传培训、健全农业节水服务体系等对策建议,以期为新疆现代农业可持续发展和保障国家粮棉油安全提供有力支撑。Water is the lifeline and the largest bottleneck for the sustainable development in Xinjiang.Agriculture is the largest water consumer in Xinjiang,accounting for more than 90%of the total socioeconomic water consumption,and the proportion of agricultural water consumption in southern Xinjiang is even higher.The key to water-saving potential in Xinjiang lies in agriculture,and agricultural water saving is the fundamental way to solve the sustainable development of economy and society in Xinjiang.The development of agricultural water-saving in the irrigation areas of Xinjiang was reviewed to improve the agricultural water use efficiency and promote the high-quality development of agriculture in Xinjiang.The current status and existing problems of developing agricultural water-saving were analyzed.The countermeasures and suggestions including vigorously developing water-adapted agriculture,increasing the construction of high-efficient water-saving projects,continuously promoting salt reduction and water saving,strengthening the construction of digitalized irrigation areas,promoting water-saving publicity and training,and improving service system for agricultural water-saving were put forward based on the Central Government’s new positioning and requirements of the country for the development of agriculture in Xinjiang in the new era.It will provide strong support for promoting the sustainable development of modern agriculture and ensuring the national security of grain and cotton production in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：适水农业 高效节水 膜下滴灌 降盐节水 数字化灌区 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]