我国30省份秸秆水热液化技术的碳减排潜力分析  

Analysis of the carbon emission reduction potential of straw hydrothermal liquefaction technology in 30 provinces of China

作　　者：刘祚希 魏莹莹 王建 杨天华 王姗姗 李秉硕 李彦龙 刘珊 LIU Zuoxi;WEI Yingying;WANG Jian;YANG Tianhua;WANG Shanshan;LI Bingshuo;LI Yanlong;LIU Shan(School of Energy and Environment,Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Shenyang 110000,China;Department of Quality Control,Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110172,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学能源与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110000 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110172

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2024年第3期96-105,共10页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1903900)。

摘　　要：水热液化技术作为一种可开发利用前景广阔的生物质热化学法,目前中国对于水热液化技术碳减排潜力研究仍属于空白状态。为减少温室气体排放和能源消耗,将常规水热液化技术与光伏技术结合,利用可再生能源电力替代水热液化系统运行过程中的电力消耗,同时生产的生物炭利用土壤固碳技术还田土壤,实现负碳排放。研究了中国30个省份部署光伏水热液化厂的温室气体排放、能源消耗和碳减排潜力,建立中国多地区混合生命周期评价模型,将投入产出生命周期与IPCC因子方法结合计算温室气体排放和能源消耗。首先对河南省为示范省的光伏水热液化厂进行生命周期温室气体排放和能源消耗评估。建造过程中,光伏水热液化厂的CO_(2)排放量为128.76 t(CO_(2)-eq),能源消耗总量为48 371.07 kg(标准煤)。使用建立的混合生命周期评价可在投入产出的经济背景下获得每个省份和该省份下经济部门的能源消耗和温室气体排放影响。从空间视角看,河南省影响最显著;此外,化学产品部门是最大的隐含温室气体排放和能源消耗部门。结合情景分析不同比例生物炭还田土壤的减碳效力,结果表明将河南省一个光伏水热液化厂生产的生物炭全部还田土壤将减少CO_(2)排放量1 686.53 t。分析41~200 km运输距离产生的温室气体排放影响,结合生物炭固碳技术,结果表明即使在秸秆匮乏地区通过扩大收集半径收集足够的秸秆产量,建造光伏水热液化厂,将生产的全部生物炭还田将减少CO_(2)排放量1 603.91 t。光伏水热液化技术具有大规模部署潜力,假设将各省秸秆最大化使用到光伏水热液化技术中,生产生物油、生物气替代化石燃料使用将减少CO_(2)排放量213.2 Mt/a,生产的生物炭全部固定土壤中,累计减少CO_(2)排放量114.14 Mt/a。因此,中国30个省份部署光伏水热液化技术对实现国家温室气体减排Hydrothermal liquefaction technology,as a biomass thermo-chemical method with broad prospects for development and utilization,is still in a blank state of research on the carbon emission reduction potential of hydrothermal liquefaction technology in China.In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption,conventional hydrothermal liquefaction technology is combined with photovoltaic technology to use renewable energy electricity to replace the electricity consumption during the operation of the hydrothermal liquefaction system,and utilize the biochar produced to return to the soil by using soil carbon sequestration technology,achieving negative carbon emissions.The greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,energy consumption and carbon reduction potential of deploying photovoltaic(PV)hydrothermal liquefaction(HRL)plants in 30 provinces in China were studied,and a multi-region hybrid life cycle assessment model in China was established.The input-output life cycle was combined with the IPCC factorization approach to calculate GHG emissions and energy consumption.Firstly,the life cycle GHG emissions and energy consumption of the PV hydrothermal liquefaction plant in Henan Province as a demonstration province were assessed.The carbon dioxide emissions of the PV hydrothermal liquefaction plant are 128.76 t(CO_(2)-eq)and the total energy consumption was 48371.01 kg(standard coal)during its construction.The energy consumption and GHG emission impacts of each province and its economic sector can be obtained in an input-output economic context by using the established hybrid LCA.Henan Province has the most significant impact from a spatial perspective.Furthermore,the chemical products sector is the largest sector for implied GHG emitting and energy consuming.The carbon reduction efficacy of different proportions of biochar returned to the soil were analyzed base on scenarios.The results show that the carbon dioxide emissions will be reduced by 1686.53 t by returning all the biochar produced by a photovoltaic hydrother

关 键 词：混合生命周期 投入产出分析 光伏水热液化技术 负碳排放 生物炭 

分 类 号：TK114[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]