天津单中心呼吸道合胞病毒感染儿童的流行病学特征研究  

Clinical epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children in single center in Tianjin

作　　者：吕玉洋 徐婧玥[1] 张贺平[1] Lyu Yuyang;Xu Jingyue;Zhang Heping(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital,Tianjin 300450,China;School of Medical Technology,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300450,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第五中心医院检验科,天津300450 [2]天津医科大学医学技术学院,天津300450

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2024年第2期149-154,共6页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：目的分析天津地区呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染儿童的流行病学特征,为预防和诊治儿童RSV感染提供参考。方法收集2022年1月至2024年1月于天津市第五中心医院治疗的2743例急性呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料,采用多重荧光PCR技术检测患儿咽拭子中肺炎支原体、人鼻病毒、腺病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、RSV共6种病原体的核酸片段,对RSV-RNA阳性病例的流行病学和临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果2743例患儿的RSV-RNA阳性率为15.09%(414/2743)。2022年患儿RSV-RNA阳性率为9.29%(73/786),2023年患儿RSV-RNA阳性率为16.53%(302/1827),两年间阳性率的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.45,P<0.05)。冬春季RSV感染率与夏秋季差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.46,P<0.05),冬季感染率最高(19.32%,193/999),秋季感染率最低(9.43%,45/477)。各年龄组之间,RSV感染率有显著差异(χ^(2)=71.38,P<0.05),0~2岁组感染率最高(21.18%,230/1086),6~8岁组感染率最低(6.29%,27/429)。414例RSV患儿中,单纯感染359例(86.71%),混合感染55例(13.29%),其中合并1种其他病原体感染52例,合并感染病原体多为人鼻病毒(4.83%,20/414)和肺炎支原体(6.04%,25/414)。结论天津市2022年1月至2024年1月急性呼吸道感染患儿中RSV感染率为15.09%,冬季感染率最高,秋季感染率最低。各年龄段儿童均可发生RSV感染,0~2岁感染率最高,6~8岁感染率最低。RSV感染同时还伴有其他呼吸道病原体感染,最常见的病原体是人鼻病毒和肺炎支原体。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection in children in Tianjin,and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of RSV infection in children.Methods Clinical data of 2743 children with acute respiratory infections treated at the Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were collected.Multiplex fluorescent PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid fragments of six respiratory pathogens including Mycoplasma pneumoniae,human rhinovirus,adenovirus,influenza A virus,influenza B virus and RSV in the throat swabs of the patients.A retrospective analysis was performed on the epidemiological and clinical data of RSV-RNA positive cases.Results The positive rate of RSV-RNA in the 2743 children was 15.09%(414/2743).The positive rate of RSV-RNA was 9.29%(73/786)in 2022 and 16.53%(302/1827)in 2023,with a statistically significant difference between the two years(χ^(2)=23.45,P<0.05).The incidence of RSV infection in winter and spring was significantly different from that in summer and autumn(χ^(2)=19.46,P<0.05).The highest and the lowest infection rates of RSV were found in winter(19.32%,193/999)and autumn(9.43%,45/477),respectively.There was a significant difference in RSV infection rate among different age groups(χ^(2)=71.38,P<0.05),with the highest infection rate in the age group of 0-2 years(21.18%,230/1086),and the lowest infection rate in the age group of 6-8 years(6.29%,27/429).Among the 414 children with RSV infection,359 cases(84.97%)were infected with RSV alone,while the other 55 cases(13.29%)were infected with mixed pathogens.Fifty-two cases had co-infection of RSV and one other pathogen.The most common pathogens in co-infection cases were human rhinovirus(4.83%,20/414)and Mycoplasma pneumoniae(6.04%,25/414).Conclusions The RSV infection rate among children with acute respiratory tract infection in Tianjin from 2022 to 2024 was 15.09%,with the highest infection rate in spring and the lowest infection rate in autumn.RSV infect

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 呼吸道合胞病毒 感染率 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]