河南省市县两级疾病预防控制机构生活饮用水水质检测能力调查  

Survey on the ability of drinking water quality detection in the centers for disease control and prevention at city and county levels in Henan

作　　者：赵秋艳 彭靖 张欣烨[1] 张杰[1] 闫晓娜 杨似玉 王永星[1] ZHAO Qiuyan;PENG Jing;ZHANG Xinye;ZHANG Jie;YAN Xiaona;YANG Siyu;WANG Yongxing(Department of Environmental Sanitation,Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生研究所环境卫生研究室,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第3期189-191,236,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的了解河南省市县两级疾病预防控制机构(疾控机构)生活饮用水水质检测能力情况,为基层疾控机构实验室建设提供依据。方法2022年6月1日—12月31日,采用问卷调查的方式收集资料,分析河南省市县两级疾控机构生活饮用水水质常规指标、扩展指标和新增指标的检测能力以及主要检测仪器的配置情况。结果市县两级疾控机构生活饮用水水质常规指标开展率分别为89.51%、59.02%(χ^(2)=10.818,P<0.05),扩展指标开展率分别为61.85%、5.56%(χ^(2)=37.500,P<0.05)。具备高氯酸盐、乙草胺、2-甲基异莰醇和土臭素检测能力的市级疾控机构分别占38.89%、44.44%、5.56%、5.56%,县(区)级疾控机构分别占0.65%、0.65%、0.65%、0.00%。市级疾控机构中,有10种检测仪器的配置率为100.00%,仪器配置率较低的有贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫(“两虫”)检验设备(27.78%)和测汞仪(11.11%);县(区)级疾控机构中,有10种仪器配置率>70.00%,配置率<8.00%的仪器有气相色谱质谱联用仪(7.19%)、测汞仪(5.88%)、氮吹仪(4.58%)和“两虫”检验设备(1.31%)。结论县(区)级疾控机构生活饮用水水质检测能力整体偏弱,市县两级疾控机构新增指标的检测能力均十分薄弱,检测仪器配置不足,应加大经费投入,相互协调,资源共享,并加强实验室技术人员专业技能培训,提升河南省生活饮用水水质检测能力。Objective To understand the status of drinking water quality detection ability in the centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs)at city and county levels,and provide evidence for the laboratory construction of CDCs in Henan.Methods Questionnaire survey was used to collect the data from Jun 01 to Dec31,2022,and the drinking water quality detection ability of regular,expanded and new indices,as well as the condition of main equipped instruments of CDCs at city and county levels in Henan was analyzed.Results In the CDCs at city and county levels the rates of carrying out regular indices of drinking water quality were 89.51%and 59.02%,respectively(χ^(2)=10.818,P<0.05),and the rates of carrying out expanded indices were 61.85%and 5.56%(χ^(2)=37.500,P<0.05).There were 38.89%、44.44%、5.56%、5.56%of city-level CDCs and 0.65%,0.65%,0.65%and 0%of county(district)-level CDCs with the ability to detect perchlorate,acetochlor,2-methylisoborneol and geosmin,respectively.In term of water quality testing instruments,the rate of CDCs with equipping 10 kinds of instruments were 100.00%,and the rates of CDCs with equipping giardia and cryptosporidium(referred to as"two insects")and testing mercury measuring instruments were low,27.78%and 11.11%,respectively,in city-level CDCs;the rate of CDCs with equipping 10 kinds of instruments were more than 70.00%,and the rates of equipping gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(7.19%),mercury measuring instrument(5.88%),nitrogen blowing instrument(4.58%)and"two insects"test equipment(1.31%)were less than 8.00%in the county(district)-level CDCs.Conclusions The abilities of drinking water quality detection in county(district)-level CDCs are weak;in city-and county-level CDCs the detection abilities of new indices are both weak,and testing instruments are insufficient,so we should increase funding investment,mutual coordination and resource sharing,and strengthen laboratory technical personnel professional skills training so as to improve drinking water quality detection abilities in H

关 键 词：疾控机构 生活饮用水水质 检测能力 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]