菜市“沉浮”:北京蔬菜供销政策变迁(1954—1962)  

Ups and Downs of Vegetables Market:Changes of Vegetables Supply and Marketing Policies in Beijing(1954-1962)

作　　者：王子彧 WANG Ziyu

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《北京档案》2024年第3期63-68,共6页Beijing Archives

基　　金：中国政法大学2023-2024学年硕士研究生创新实践项目“菜市‘沉浮’:北京市蔬菜供销政策变迁(1954-1962)”阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：中华人民共和国成立后,随着经济的恢复与发展,北京市人口数量不断增多,北京蔬菜供销存在供应不足、季节性短缺、某一蔬菜品种滞销现象等问题。为解决蔬菜供销过程中存在的问题,响应“为首都服务”的口号,北京市委市政府对于蔬菜供销政策不断进行改革,从“收购包销”、垄断蔬菜批发到“统购统销”、改造个体菜贩。个体菜贩的生存空间不断被挤压,国家逐渐将蔬菜业纳入国家计划经济轨道,而与此同时,蔬菜自由市场却屡禁不止。After the founding of the People's Republic of China,with the recovery and development of the economy and the increasing population of Beijing,the supply and marketing of vegetables in Beijing suffered from insufficient supply,seasonal shortages,and poor sales of a certain type of vegetables.In order to solve these problems and respond to the slogan of"serving the capital",the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government reformed the policy of vegetable supply and marketing continuously such as"acquisition and underwriting",state monopoly of vegetables wholesale,"unified purchasing and marketing",and transforming vegetables vendors.The survival space of self-employed vendors has been squeezed,and the state has gradually brought the vegetables industry into the orbit of state-planned economy.Although the free market of vegetables sales has been repeatedly banned,it could not be prohibited completely.

关 键 词：“统购统销” 供销合作社 个体菜贩 场外交易 

分 类 号：F329[经济管理—产业经济] F729[历史地理—历史学] K27[历史地理—中国史]