木薯柱花草间种体系固氮机制和生产效益分析  

Nitrogen Fixation Mechanism and Production Benefit Analysis of Cassava and Stylosanthes Guianensis Intercropping System

作　　者：郑永清[1] 马旭东[1] 李伯松[1] 薛茂富 陈松笔[2] ZHENG Yongqing;MA Xudong;LI Bosong;XUE Maofu;CHEN Songbi(Guangzhou Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510140,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resoures Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Danzhou 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院广州实验站,广东广州510140 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《广东农工商职业技术学院学报》2024年第1期39-43,共5页Journal of Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic

基　　金：国家木薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-12-gdqxd);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630112023007)。

摘　　要：柱花草是重要的间种植物,但其与木薯间种体系中的固氮机制尚不清楚。本研究采用柱花草与木薯间种体系,分析柱花草生长期的农艺性状和不同组织氮含量的动态变化规律,结果表明:柱花草氮同位素值平均1.87‰,茎平均1.03‰,叶平均2.41‰,不同组织氮同位素呈现不同的变化趋势。前期柱花草氮素来源于土壤无机氮,中期无机氮和固氮都有贡献,后期柱花草急速生长阶段,固氮菌数量虽然增加,但其贡献逐渐减低,柱花草氮素主要来源转向土壤无机氮。此外,木薯间种柱花草较木薯单种增产鲜薯21.21%;间种与木薯单种、柱花草单种相比分别增加收入1361.09元/亩、1159.21元/亩,柱花草与木薯间种体系可有效提高氮源利用率和经济效益。Stylosanthes guianensis is an important intercropping plant,but the mechanism of nitrogen fixation between Stylosanthes guianensis and Cassava intercropping system is not clear.In this study,the intercropping system of Stylosanthes guianensis and Cassava was used to analyze the agronomic characters of Stylosanthes guianensis during its growth period and the dynamic change of nitrogen content in different tissues.The results showed that:the average nitrogen isotope value of Stylosanthes guianensis was 1.87%for roots,1.03%for stems,and 2.41%for leaves,respectively.The average nitrogen isotope value varied from different tissues.In the early stage,the nitrogen of Stylosanthes guianensis came from soil inorganic nitrogen;in the middle stage,both inorganic nitrogen and nitrogen fixation contributed;in the late stage,the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria increased in the rapid growth stage of Stylosanthes guianensis,but its contribution gradually decreased;the main nitrogen source of Stylosanthes guianensis turned to soil inorganic nitrogen.In addition,Stylosanthes guianensis interplanting Cassava increased yield of fresh tubes 21.21%compared with single Cassava.Compared with monoculture Cassava and monoculture Stylosanthes guianensis,intercropping increased the income by 1361.09 yuan/mu and 1159.21 yuan/mu,respectively.To sum up,the intercropping system of Stylosanthes guianensis and Cassava can effectively provide nitrogen source utilization rate and economic benefits.

关 键 词：木薯 柱花草 间种技术 氮源 生产效益 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]