几种城市绿地植物物种生物多样性调查方法研究——以上海为例  

A Study on the Investigation Method of Plant Species Biodiversity in Several Urban Green Spaces:Taking Shanghai as an Example

作　　者：张冬梅 罗玉兰 张浪 傅仁杰 有祥亮 尹丽娟 ZHANG Dongmei;LUO Yulan;ZHANG Lang;FU Renjie;YOU Xiangliang;YIN Lijuan(Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites,National Innovation Alliance of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Afforestation and Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sties,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape on Challenging Urban Sties,Shanghai,China,200232)

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学规划研究院,城市困难立地生态园林国家林业和草原局重点实验室,国家林业和草原局城市困难立地绿化造林国家创新联盟,上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海200232

出　　处：《园林》2024年第4期4-10,共7页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：上海市科委社会发展科技攻关项目“基于生物多样性的城市困难立地高质量园林绿化智能技术及示范”(编号:22DZ1202200);上海市科委社会发展科技攻关项目“超大城市上海公园城市构建关键技术研究与示范”(编号:23DZ1204400);国家自然科学基金面上项目“城市生态廊道多尺度结构与功能连接度的关联机制”(编号:32171569)。

摘　　要：植物物种生物多样性对于城市绿地生物多样性的维护和促进具有重要意义,是构建健康、稳定的城市生态系统的重要组成部分。生物多样性的精准调查评价是对城市绿地实施科学规划管控、保护性提升,推动城市可持续发展的基础,而制定科学的调查方法是基础。以上海中心城区公园绿地、防护绿地、附属绿地为例,按照绿地规模、绿地形状、空间布局、植被类型及其生态服务功能,采取样方法、网格法、样点法等样地设定方法,选定上海世博文化公园28个微样地、272条主干道道路绿地样段、34处商服附属绿地,采用全面普查、重点调查、专项调查等方法,对绿地新优植物、骨干树种、基调树种、入侵物种、古树名木、立体绿化植物种类开展调查。形成了一套有代表性且可操作性强的植物物种调查方法,为城市绿地生物多样性水平科精准价、新建绿地新优植物开发利用,以及已建绿地植物物种多样性保护性提升提供科学依据。The biodiversity of plant species is of great signifi cance for the maintenance and promotion of biodiversity in urban green spaces.It is an essential component of building a healthy and stable urban ecosystem.The scientifi c management evaluation of plant species biodiversity in urban green spaces is the foundation for implementing scientifi c planning and control,enhancing conservation technology,and promoting sustainable urban development.Developing scientifi c investigation methods is the foundation.In this study,taking the park green space,green buffer,and attached green space in the central urban area of Shanghai center as examples,according to the green space scale,green space shape,spatial layout,vegetation type,and ecological service function,the regional grid method,Sampling methods,point count method,and other sample plot setting methods were developed.28 micro sample plots were selected for the Shanghai Expo Cultural Park,272 primary road green space samples and 34 commercial service ancillary green spaces were surveyed using methods such as comprehensive survey,critical investigation,and special investigation to investigate new and excellent plants,backbone tree species,tone tree species,invasive species,ancient and famous trees,and three-dimensional greening plant species in the green space.A representative and highly operable plant species investigation method has been developed,providing the scientifi c basis for the precise pricing of urban green space biodiversity level,the development and utilization of new and excellent plants in newly constructed green spaces,and the improvement of plant species diversity protection in existing green spaces.

关 键 词：公园绿地 道路绿地 附属绿地 植物物种 生物多样性 调查方法 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]