面向调心滚子轴承的气动式主动抑振单元  

Pneumatic Active Vibration Suppression Unit for Spherical Roller Bearings

作　　者：王思清 邢宇 胥光申[1] 代阳 张彬 WANG Siqing;XING Yu;XU Guangshen;DAI Yang;ZHANG Bin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710600,China;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学机电工程学院,西安710600 [2]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《轴承》2024年第4期64-71,共8页Bearing

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2020M683682XB);特种车辆及其传动系统智能制造国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(GZ2019KF011);陕西省高速公路施工机械重点实验室项目(300102251506);陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目(22JK0404)。

摘　　要：滚动轴承在其服役过程中常用增加预紧力的方式来抑制其振动,但实际使用过程中轴承预紧力不会随外部工况的变化而变化,导致抑振效果有限或使轴承过早进入疲劳阶段。提出了一种气动式主动抑振单元,并开发与之相匹配的数据采集系统、测试控制系统及气压驱动系统构成主动控制单元;此外,设计了调心滚子轴承支承的细长挠性转子系统,用其一阶固有频率下的自激振动模拟实际工况下的载荷冲击,并采用主动控制系统对此冲击进行抑振。试验结果表明:该主动抑振单元对试验所用调心滚子轴承可满足常规转速及较高转速下的抑振要求,但转子转速在临近半频即1/2一阶临界转速附近时抑振效果不稳定且对轴向预紧力的幅值变化较为敏感。The vibration of rolling bearings is often suppressed by increasing preload during service,but the preload of the bearings does not change with the change of external working conditions in actual use,resulting in limited vibration suppression effect or premature fatigue of the bearings.A pneumatic active vibration suppression unit is proposed,and a matched data acquisition system,test control system and pneumatic drive system are developed to constitute the active control unit;in addition,a slender flexible rotor system supported by spherical roller bearings is designed to simulate the load impact under actual working conditions using self-excited vibration under first-order natural frequency,and the active control system is used to suppress the impact.The experimental results show that the active vibration suppression unit can meet the vibration suppression requirements of the bearings used in experiment under both conventional and higher rotational speeds,but the vibration suppression effect is unstable and sensitive to amplitude changes of axial preload when the rotor rotational speed is near half frequency,i.e.1/2 first-order critical rotational speed.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 调心滚子轴承 主动控制技术 振动 临界转速 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]