2012-2021年甘肃省武威市流感样病例病原学监测结果分析  

Analysis of pathogenic surveillance results of influenza-like illness in Wuwei City,Gansu Province in 2012-2021

作　　者：常全娥[1] 董冰[1] 周开春[1] 张胜男 陈璇 赵静雯 CHANG Quane;DONG Bing;ZHOU Kaichun;ZHANG Shengnan;CHEN Xuan;ZHAO Jingwen(Wuwei Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China)

机构地区：[1]武威市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第1期22-26,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2017ZX10103006)。

摘　　要：目的 对2012-2021年甘肃武威市流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)病原学监测结果进行分析,为武威市的流感防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2012-2021年武威市人民医院送检ILI患者咽拭子样本,采用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)对武威市人民医院采集ILI的咽拭子样本进行流感病毒及亚型核酸检测。结果 共检测6 715份咽拭子样本,流感病毒总检出率为15.23%(1 023/6 715)。甲型流感病毒(Flu A)和乙型流感病毒(Flu B)分别占57.58%(589/1 023)和41.64%(426/1 023)。其中新甲型H1N1 [A (H1N1) pdm2009] 226份、季节性H3N2 [A (H3N2)] 363份、未检出H7N9型禽流感[A (H7N9)];检出Flu B的Yamagata系(BY) 290份和Victoria系(BV) 136份,Flu A和Flu B病毒混合感染样本8份。2012年检出率最高(28.41%),2021年检出率最低(4.42%)。1月和12月为武威市流感高发季节,流感病毒检出率分别为31.72%和27.48%,3-6月流感活动以Flu B阳性为主,8和9月未发现流感病毒,其他月份以Flu A阳性为主。男女流感检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.059,P>0.05)。5~<15岁年龄组阳性率最高(19.89%),25~<60岁年龄组阳性率最低(8.89%)。结论 甘肃武威市流感病毒每年均有阳性样本检出,2021年流感病毒活动最弱。Flu A以A (H3N2)和A (H1N1) pdm2009为主,2012-2018年检出的Flu B以BY为主,2019-2021年则以BV为主,且每年均有高峰。5~<15岁年龄组是武威市流感病毒易感人群。Objective To analyze the results of etiology surveillance of influenza-like illness(ILI)in Wuwei City,Gansu Province during 2012–2021,so as to provide scientific evidence for influenza prevention and control in Wuwei.Method Oropharyngeal swabs specimens from ILI patients visiting Wuwei People's Hospital in the period from 2012 to 2021 were tested for influenza virus and its subtypes using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results A total of 6715 swabs were tested,of which 15.23%(1023/6715)were positive for influenza viruses.Influenza A virus(Flu A)and influenza B virus(Flu B)accounted for 57.58%(589/1023)and 41.64%(426/1023)of the positive cases.Among the Flu A viruses,226 were identified as A(H1N1)pdm2009,363 were A(H3N2),none was A(H7N9);of the Flu B viruses,290 were identified as Yamagata lineage(BY),136 were Victoria lineage(BV),and 8 were mixture of Flu A and B viruses.The detection rate was the highest in 2012 of all the years in the study period(28.14%),and the lowest in 2021(4.42%).Epidemic peaks occurred in January and December,with detection rates being 31.72%and 27.48%,respectively.There were seasonal peaks in Flu B virus activity from March to June.No influenza virus cases were detected in August and September.The other months showed dominance of Flu A virus.There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of influenza between men and women(χ2=0.059,P>0.05).The highest detection rate was observed in the age group of 5-<15 years old(19.89%),and the lowest in the age group of 25-<60 years(8.89%).Conclusions There are influenza-positive cases among ILI patients every year in Wuwei City,with the lowest detection rate in 2021.A(H3N2)and A(H1N1)pdm2009 are the main subtypes of Flu A virus.As for Flu B virus,BY was predominant in 2012-2018,while BV dominated in 2019-2021,and epidemic peaks occurred every year.Children and teenagers(5-<15 years old)are susceptible to influenza virus infection in Wuwei City.

关 键 词：流感样病例 流感病毒 病原学 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]