贵州296份花生种质资源遗传多样性及综合评价  

Genetic Diversity and Comprehensive Evaluation of 296 Peanuts Germplasm Resources in Guizhou

作　　者：饶庆琳 姜敏 刘选轶 吕建伟 胡廷会 成良强 王金花 王军[1] RAO Qinglin;JIANG Min;LIU Xuanyi;LYU Jianwei;HU Tinghui;CHENG Liangqiang;WANG Jinhua;WANG Jun(Oil Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006;Agricultural College,Anshun University,Anshun 561099,Guizhou)

机构地区：[1]贵州农业科学院油料研究所,贵阳550006 [2]安顺学院农学院,贵州安顺561099

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2024年第3期373-385,共13页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(ZK[2023],ZK[2022],ZK[2021]);国家花生产业技术体系(CARS-13);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1100303);贵州山区特色油料资源利用研究及实验平台建设(黔科中引地[2020]4012号)。

摘　　要：通过遗传多样性、相关性、主成分、聚类分析和综合评分等5种方法对296份花生种质资源13个主要农艺性状进行分析及评价。结果表明,3个质量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围在0.526~0.909,10个数量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围在0.834~2.007,变异系数范围在3.268%~68.198%,表明296份参试花生种质资源拥有丰富的遗传信息。相关性分析表明,出苗整齐度、生育天数、叶形、单株生产力与产量关系紧密。主成分分析共提取到6个主成分,累计贡献率达到78.336%,代表了大部分的农艺性状。聚类分析将296份花生种质资源分为2个大类,4个小组,可以分别作为高产、小粒、早熟、大粒种质备选材料。根据模糊隶属函数基于6个主成分贡献率权重构建综合评分:F=0.323F_(1)+0.257F_(2)+0.122F_(3)+0.108F_(4)+0.010F_(5)+0.091F_(6),筛选到4份综合性状较好的花生种质资源,分别是松桃城兰花生、2013521230、H15093、辐16-24-1-1,可作为今后花生育种的候选材料。本研究可为今后花生亲本选择及特异种质资源筛选提供科学依据。The genetic diversity,correlation,principal component analysis,clustering and comprehensive evaluation were employed to analyze and assess agronomic traits of 296 peanut germplasm resources.The results revealed that the genetic diversity index for three quality traits ranged from 0.526-0.909,while the genetic diversity index for ten quantitative traits varied between 0.834-2.007.Additionally,the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.268%-68.198%.These findings indicated that these peanut germplasm resources possess abundant genetic information.Correlation analysis suggested significant associations between emergence uniformity,whole growth period,leaf shape,productivity per plant and yield.Principal component analysis extracted six principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 78.336%,representing most of the agronomic traits.Cluster analysis divided this collection into two categories including four groups based on their characteristics related to high-yield potential,small-grain size,early-maturity or large-grain size.These groups can serve as candidate materials for future germplasm selection in breeding programs.A comprehensive score was constructed using fuzzy membership function based on contribution weights assigned to six principal components,which was shown as F=0.323F_(1)+0.257F_(2)+0.122F_(3)+0.108F_(4)+0.010F_(5)+0.091F_(6).Four peanut germplasm resources displaying favorable comprehensive traits were selected as potential candidates for future peanut breeding.This study offering a theoretical basis for selecting appropriate parental lines and specific in future breeding programs.

关 键 词：花生 表型性状 遗传多样性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]