基于分割环阵的CFRP分层缺陷超声全聚焦成像  

Ultrasonic total focusing method of carbon fiber reinforced plastics delamination defects based on segmented annular arrays

作　　者：杨宁 陆铭慧[1] 张萍 朱颖[1] 张毅萍 Yang Ning;Lu Minghui;Zhang Ping;Zhu Ying;Zhang Yiping(Key Laboratory Nondestructive Testing,Ministry of Education,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201324,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063 [2]上海飞机制造有限公司,上海201324

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2024年第1期200-210,共11页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金(COMAC-SFGS-2022-1812)项目资助。

摘　　要：碳纤维复合材料在钻孔加工时易产生分层缺陷,分层缺陷严重影响了构件的力学性能,存在严重的安全隐患。针对碳纤维复合材料孔边分层缺陷的检测,提出一种基于分割环形阵列的1/4矩阵全聚焦成像方法。设计了R4×S8、R3×S12、R3×S16和R4×S12四种分割环形阵列结构,通过数值仿真对比分析了各阵列的聚焦声场特点,最终确定分割环阵探头为5 MHz的R4×S12探头。使用该探头对碳纤维复合材料孔边分层试块的上层、中层、下层缺陷进行全矩阵采集,利用VTK工具包分别进行全矩阵三维成像和1/4矩阵三维成像。结果表明,1/4矩阵方法比全矩阵方法三维成像的缺陷对比度更高,1/4矩阵方法的缺陷尺寸表征误差更小,误差不超过6%。与全矩阵成像相比,1/4矩阵成像信噪比提升范围为3.43~7.61 dB,有效提升了图像质量。Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics are prone to delamination defects during drilling and processing,and the delamination defects seriously affect the mechanical properties of the components,and there are serious safety hazards.For the detection of delamination defects at the hole edge of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics,a 1/4 matrix total focusing method based on the segmented annular arrays is proposed.Four structures of segmented annular arrays,R4×S8,R3×S12,R3×S16,and R4×S12,are designed.The characteristics of the focused sound field of each array are analyzed by numerical simulation comparisons,and the segmented annular array probe is finally determined to be the 5 MHz R4×S12 probe.By using this probe,the full-matrix capture of the upper,middle,and lower layer defects of the hole-edge delamination specimens of carbon fiber composites is performed,and the full-matrix 3D imaging and 1/4-matrix 3D imaging are implemented by using the VTK toolkit,respectively.The results show that the 1/4-matrix method has higher defect contrast than the full-matrix method for 3D imaging.The defects size characterization error of the 1/4-matrix method is smaller,with an error of no more than 6%.Compared with that of full-matrix imaging,the signal-to-noise ratio enhancement of the 1/4-matrix imaging is in the range of 3.43~7.61 dB,which effectively improves the image quality.

关 键 词：分层缺陷 全聚焦 分割环形阵列 1/4矩阵 三维成像 

分 类 号：TH878[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TB553[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]