党参露头栽培覆膜覆土联合作业机设计与田间试验  

Design and Field Test of Codonopsis Outcrop Cultivation Film and Soil

作　　者：马小龙 张陆海 刘鹏霞 李淑玲 Ma Xiaolong;Zhang Luhai;Liu Pengxia;Li Shuling(Gansu Provincial Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station,Lanzhou 730046,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业机械化技术推广总站,兰州730046

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第7期82-88,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：甘肃省科技重点研发计划项目(20YF8NA101)。

摘　　要：为解决中药材党参平作移栽深度苗头发芽技术难题,采用理论分析和试验验证的方法,从改进根茎类中药材移栽方式入手,对党参机械化露头栽培进行了重点探析,同时开展机具的关键部件设计和田间试验。试验结果表明:所设计的党参铺膜覆土露头栽培联合作业机,可一次完成开沟、放苗、铺膜、覆土及镇压等多道工序,能有效地降低劳动强度,节本达到3007.5元/hm2以上,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。研发的党参露头栽培覆膜覆土联合作业机机械化移栽作业可减轻农民劳动强度,提高药材品质,对扩大党参机械化种植面积,发展壮大甘肃省中药材产业更好更快发展及农民增收、农村发展和农业经济的支撑力不断增强,推动新时期甘肃省乡村振兴战略和全面实现小康社会具有重要的现实意义。In order to solve the technical problem of deep germination of codonopsis transplanting,this paper adopts the method of theoretical analysis and experimental verification,starts with the improvement of root Chinese medicine trans-planting,focuses on the mechanized outcrop cultivation of codonopsis,and carries out the design of key components of ma-chinery and tools.The test results show that the designed joint operation machine of codonopsis film covering soil outcrop cultivation can complete the multiple processes such as ditch opening,seedling laying,film laying,soil covering and sup-pression at one time,which can effectively reduce the labor intensity,save the cost of more than 3007.5 yuan perhectare,with significant economic and social benefits.Research and development of dangshen outcrop cultivation film mulching combined soil joint operation machine mechanized transplanting operation can reduce farmers labor intensity,rural labor force,improve the quality of medicinal materials,to expand the mechanized planting area,develop the provincial Chinese herbal medicine industry better and faster development,increasing farmers′income,rural development and agricultural e-conomy support,promote Gansu province in the new period and realize a well-off society in an all-round way has impor-tant realistic significance.

关 键 词：党参 露头栽培 作业机 

分 类 号：S223.24[农业科学—农业机械化工程]