不同醇化卷烟原料表面微生物的群落结构及对大分子物质的降解功能  

Community structure and macromolecular substance degrading function of surface microorganisms on different aged cigarette raw materials

作　　者：陈善义 陈千思[2] 刘金燕 陈义强 范坚强 邓小华 李菁菁 陶界锰 CHEN Shanyi;CHEN Qiansi;LIU Jinyan;CHEN Yiqiang;FAN Jianqiang;DENG Xiaohua;LI Jingjing;TAO Jiemeng(Technology Center,China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,厦门市361021 [2]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《烟草科技》2024年第3期34-42,共9页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重点研发项目“基于宏基因组的烟叶提质工程菌构建及生物酶改造与应用”(110202102017);福建中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“基于宏基因组技术的烟草功能微生物工程菌株的构建及其产酶特性研究”(FJZYKJJH2020006);烟草行业烟草工艺重点实验室引领计划专项项目“醇化烟叶纤维素降解工程菌株的构建研究”(202022AWHZ08)。

摘　　要：为探究醇化卷烟原料表面微生物的群落结构及对大分子物质的降解功能,采用宏基因组测序技术分析醇化2年的烤烟烟梗、香料烟和烤烟片烟样品的表面微生物群落结构,并对3种醇化卷烟原料中的果胶、纤维素、淀粉、蛋白质和木质素含量与表面微生物群落组成进行相关分析。结果表明,3种醇化卷烟原料中,醇化烤烟烟梗淀粉和蛋白质含量最低,醇化烤烟片烟果胶、纤维素和木质素含量最低。醇化烤烟烟梗的优势菌属为泛菌属(Pantoea)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),醇化香料烟的优势菌属为泛菌属(Pantoea)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter),醇化烤烟片烟的优势菌属为泛菌属(Pantoea)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和土地芽孢杆菌属(Terribacillus)。鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)含有较多与淀粉降解相关的基因,其相对丰度与醇化样品淀粉含量显著负相关;鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)和克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)含有较多与蛋白质降解相关的基因,其相对丰度均与醇化样品蛋白质含量显著负相关;芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)含有较多与果胶降解相关的基因,其相对丰度与醇化样品果胶含量显著负相关。To investigate the community structure and macromolecular substances degradation function of surface microorganisms on different aged cigarette raw materials,the structures of microorganism communities in the samples of flue-cured tobacco stems and strips and oriental tobacco aged for two years were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing technology,and the correlation analysis between the contents of pectin,cellulose,starch,protein and lignin and the community composition of surface microorganisms of the samples were carry out.The results showed that among the three types of aged samples,the contents of starch and protein in aged flue-cured tobacco stems and those of pectin,cellulose,and lignin in aged flue-cured tobacco strips were the lowest.The dominant bacteria in aged flue-cured tobacco stems were Pantoea,Acinetobacter,Klebsiella,and Pseudomonas,those in aged oriental tobacco were Pantoea,Pseudomonas,and Acinetobacter,and those in aged flue-cured tobacco strips were Pantoea,Bacillus,and Terribacillus.Sphingomonas had more genes involved in starch degradation,and its relative abundance was negatively correlated with the starch content in the aged samples.Sphingomonas,Stenotrophomonas,and Klebsiella had more genes involved in protein degradation,and their relative abundances were negatively correlated with the protein content in the aged samples.Bacillus had more genes involved in pectin degradation,and its relative abundance was negatively correlated with the pectin content in the aged samples.

关 键 词：宏基因组 醇化卷烟原料 微生物 大分子物质 

分 类 号：TS444[农业科学—烟草工业]