7种化学杀菌剂对烟草苗期鸢尾丝囊霉根腐病的毒力测定和防效评价  

Toxicity evaluation and control efficacy of seven fungicides against tobacco root rot caused by Aphanomyces iridis at seedling stage

作　　者：苗圃[1] 刘畅[2] 张梦丹 陈玉国[2] 苗淑月 白静科 李淑君[2] 刘剑君 李小杰[2] MIAO Pu;LIU Chang;ZHANG Mengdan;CHEN Yuguo;MIAO Shuyue;BAI Jingke;LI Shujun;LIU Jianjun;LI Xiaojie(Luoyang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory for Green Preservation&Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Tobacco Growing Area,Xuchang 461000,Henan,China;Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司,河南省洛阳市471000 [2]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所烟草行业黄淮烟区烟草病虫害绿色防控重点实验室,河南省许昌市461000 [3]中国烟草总公司河南省公司,郑州市450046

出　　处：《烟草科技》2024年第3期65-70,共6页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：河南省烟草公司科技项目“烟草苗床期根茎病害快速检测及高效消毒模式构建与应用”(2022410000240018);河南省农业科学院科技创新团队专项“烟草主要病虫害绿色防控关键技术研究与应用”(2023)。

摘　　要：为筛选出能够防治烟草苗期鸢尾丝囊霉根腐病(Aphanomyces iridis)的高效低毒化学药剂,采用菌丝生长速率法测定70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂(WP)、58%甲霜灵·锰锌可湿性粉剂(WP)、50%氯溴异氰尿酸可溶性粉剂(SP)、20%辛菌胺盐酸盐水剂(AS)、30%霜霉·嘧菌酯悬浮剂(SC)、80%烯酰吗啉水分散粒剂(WG)和48%霜霉·络氨酮水剂(AS)等7种化学杀菌剂对鸢尾丝囊霉的室内毒力,并通过室内漂浮苗接种试验评价其防治效果(防效)及安全性。毒力测定结果表明,48%霜霉·络氨酮和30%霜霉·嘧菌酯对鸢尾丝囊霉的抑制作用最强,EC_(50)值分别为0.255μg/mL和0.367μg/mL;其次为20%辛菌胺盐酸盐和58%甲霜灵·锰锌,EC_(50)值分别为14.107μg/mL和37.495μg/mL;70%甲基硫菌灵抑菌效果最差。接种试验结果表明,48%霜霉·络氨酮和30%霜霉·嘧菌酯对鸢尾丝囊霉引起的烟苗根腐病具有较好防效,防效在86.88%~94.61%,且30%霜霉·嘧菌酯处理对烟苗安全性较好,58%甲霜灵·锰锌的防效较差,防效在30%以下。In order to screen efficient fungicides with low toxicity that can prevent and control root rot of tobacco seedlings caused by Aphanomyces iridis,the toxicities of 70%thiophanate-methyl wettable powder(WP),58%metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder(WP),50%chlorobromo isocyanuric acid soluble powder(SP),20%cinnamamide hydrochloride solution(AS),30%propamocarb-azoxystrobin suspension concentrate(SC),80%enoylmorpholine water dispersible granules(WG),and 48%propamocarb-cupric-ammonium solution(AS)against A.iridis were tested by the mycelial growth rate method.Simultaneously,control efficacy and safety were evaluated by inoculation into floating seedlings.The results showed that 48%propamocarb-cupric-ammonium solution and 30%propamocarb-azoxystrobin had the strongest inhibitory efficacy against the mycelium of A.iridis with EC50 values of 0.255 and 0.367µg/mL,respectively.This was followed by 20%cinnamamide hydrochloride and 58%metalaxyl-mancozeb with EC50 values of 14.107 and 37.495µg/mL,respectively.The antifungal effect of 70%thiophanate-methyl was the worst.The result of inoculation experiment showed that 48%propamocarb-cupric-ammonium solution and 30%propamocarb-azoxystrobin had a good control efficacy on root rot of tobacco seedlings caused by A.iridis with control efficacy ranging from 86.88%to 94.61%,and the treatment of 30%propamocarb-azoxystrobin had good safety for tobacco seedlings.The control efficacy of 58%metalaxyl-mancozeb was poor,being less than 30%.

关 键 词：烟草 鸢尾丝囊霉 杀菌剂 抑菌率 毒力测定 相对防效 

分 类 号：S481.9[农业科学—农药学]