数字产品的非歧视待遇问题研究  

The Non-discriminatory Treatment of Digital Products

作　　者：陆一戈 LU Yige

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2024年第1期139-157,共19页Wuhan University International Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大课题“‘一带一路’倡议与国际经济法律制度的创新”(17ZDA144)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：CPTPP、DEPA等经贸协定构建了数字产品非歧视待遇的规制框架,但由于数字产品兼具货物与服务的特征,对其法律定性存在争议,难以明确其“同类性”和“较低待遇”判定标准,导致数字产品非歧视待遇的适用存在不确定性。当前既不宜简单地选择货物或服务的标准,也尚不具备条件构建统一标准适用数字产品非歧视待遇。可行路径是在个案中根据被比较对象的法律定性,分析数字产品所具有的货物或服务属性,对应参考货物或服务的非歧视待遇判定标准,探索数字产品非歧视待遇的法理。我国应以加入CPTPP与DEPA谈判为契机,运用“负面清单”与“例外条款”合法有序开放数字产品市场,在后续数字贸易规则谈判中明确数字产品法律定性的立场,深化数字产品非歧视待遇的实践。CPTPP,DEPA and other economic and trade agreements have constructed a regulatory framework for the non-discriminatory treatment of digital products,but due to the characteristics of digital products as both goods and services,there are divergences on their legal characterization,making it difficult to clarify the criteria for determining the“likeness”and“less favorable treatment”of digital products,resulting in uncertainties in the application of the non-discriminatory treatment.At present,it is neither appropriate to simply choose the standard of goods or services,nor is it yet in a position to establish a unified standard to apply the non-discriminatory treatment of digital products.A practical path is to analyze the characteristics of goods or services of digital products according to the legal characterization of the object of comparison in individual cases,and then refer to the criteria of goods or services accordingly,gradually explore the jurisprudence of non-discriminatory treatment of digital products.China should take the opportunity of joining CPTPP and DEPA to reasonably use the“negative lists”and“exception clauses”to open its digital product market legally and orderly.Moreover,China should clarify the position of legal characterization of digital products in the subsequent negotiation of digital trade rules and deepen the practice of non-discriminatory treatment of digital products.

关 键 词：数字贸易 数字产品 非歧视待遇 CPTPP DEPA 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学]