非独创性企业数据确权模式的反思与重构  

Rethinking and Reconstructing the Data Entitlement Model for Non-Exclusive Enterprises

作　　者：肖登辉[1] 常亚东 Xiao Denghui;Chang Yadong

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学法学院

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2024年第2期4-15,共12页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：华中师范大学优秀研究生教育创新资助项目“非独创性企业数据保护与利用模式探析”(项目编号2023CXZZ039)的研究成果。

摘　　要：在辩证吸收对非独创性企业数据(以下简称“企业数据”)确权模式学说已有研究的基础上,提出完善企业数据产权制度的具体方案,以服务于数据要素市场的发展。企业数据确权应当结合要素产权理论,跳出传统法律以“物”或“智力成果”为参照的判断逻辑,从数据要素化的视角看待企业数据确权问题,以数据产权作为“元概念”,并结合行业现状和企业数据的价值释放规律推导出分级分类的确权模式。具体而言,可将企业数据分为原始数据和衍生数据。原始数据利益交织、价值有限,产权结构难以配置,应适用责任规则,采取行为规制为主的多元保护模式,以激励数据流通。衍生数据价值较高且权属易于分割,应适用财产规则,明确企业享有持有、加工、使用、经营等权利,以激励数据创造。On the basis of the dialectical absorption of the existing studies on the doctrine of non-original enterprise data(hereinafter referred to as“enterprise data”),a concrete plan for improving the property right system of enterprise data is proposed,so as to serve the development of the data factor market.Enterprise data should be combined with the theory of elemental property rights,jumping out of the traditional law to“things”or“intellectual achievements”as the reference logic of judgment,from the perspective of data elements to view the enterprise data rights issues,to data property rights as a“meta-concept”,to the“meta-concept”.The“meta-concept”,combined with the status quo of the industry and the value release law of enterprise data,deduces the hierarchical classification of the right model.Specifically,enterprise data can be categorized into original data and derivative data.The original data has intertwined interests and limited value,and the property right structure is difficult to configure,so the liability rules should be applied,and a multi-dimensional protection model based on behavioral regulation should be taken to incentivize the circulation of data.Derivative data is of high value and the ownership is easy to divide,property rules should be applied to clarify that enterprises have the right to hold,process,use and operate,so as to incentivize the creation of data.

关 键 词：非独创性 企业数据 数据要素化 数据确权 分级分类 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]