监察人员职务犯罪调查权行使的刑法规制——以“徇私枉法罪”为例的分析  

Criminal Law Regulation on the Exercise of Supervisor's Power to Investigate Duty Crime:An Analysis of the Crime of Bending the Law for Selfish Ends

作　　者：谢芳 XIE Fang

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院 [2]兰州理工大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2024年第2期265-276,共12页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目“优化营商环境背景下企业合规机制建设研究”(2242023S30014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：现行刑法条文缺乏对以“监察人员”为犯罪主体身份犯的法律规定,现有监察制度与理论研究对监察人员主体性质没有给出明确认定。以徇私枉法罪为代表,如何理解并认定监察人员行使职务犯罪调查职责过程中的徇私枉法行为性质,成为法律规定不明确、监察理论有争议、司法适用有困惑的问题。根据《刑法》第94条职责决定主体性质的立法逻辑,只要行使侦查、检察、审判、监管职责的工作人员都被视为司法工作人员。应当还原监察人员履行职务犯罪调查职责的司法属性,对监察人员成为徇私枉法罪主体作出实质解释,避免监察机关以“内部处置”规避对监察人员刑事责任的认定,强化对监察人员的外部监督,从而推进监察权力行使的法治化运行。The current criminal law provisions lack the legal provisions on the“supervisors”as thesubjectof crime,and the existing supervisory system and theoretical research have not made a clear identification of the nature of the subject of supervisors,as attested by the crime of bending the law for selfish ends.How to understand and identify the nature of the act of bending the law for selfish ends in the process of exercising the duty of investigating duty crime has become a problem of unclear legal provisions,controversial supervisory theories,and confusing judicial application.According to the legislative logic of Article 94 of the Criminal Law that duties determine the nature of the subject,the staff who perform the duties of investigation,prosecution,trial,and supervision are all regarded as judicial staff.We should restore the judicial attributes of supervisors'performance of duty to investigate duty crime,make substantive explanations about supervisors becoming the subject of the crime of bending the law for selfish ends,prevent the supervisory organs from evading the determination of criminal responsibility through“internal disposal”,and strengthen the external supervision of supervisors to promote the legalization of the exercise of supervisory power.

关 键 词：监察人员 司法属性 徇私枉法罪 司法监督 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]