播期对黑塌菜主要农艺和品质性状的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date on the Main Agronomic and Quality Traits of Black Pakchoi

作　　者：仇亮 程玉静[1] 葛礼姣 翟彩娇 王小秋 刘水东[1] QIU Liang;CHENG Yujing;GE Lijiao;ZHAI Caijiao;WANG Xiaoqiu;LIU Shuidong(Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Nantong,Jiangsu 226541)

机构地区：[1]江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,江苏南通226541

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第5期48-52,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：江苏现代农业重大核心技术创新资助项目(CX(21)2020);南通市科技计划资助项目(MS12021068)。

摘　　要：以黑塌菜为试材,从9月5日开始每5 d设置一个播期处理,共设置7个,研究了不同播期对黑塌菜主要农艺和品质性状的影响,以期为黑塌菜标准化种植生产以及供应期延长提供参考依据。结果表明:播期对黑塌菜开展度、单株质量等主要农艺性状以及可溶性糖和叶绿素含量均有显著影响,对纤维素和粗蛋白含量影响较小。9月10日播期处理黑塌菜开展度与单株质量显著高于其他处理,9月15日播期处理黑塌菜叶柄长最长,9月20日播期处理黑塌菜叶片数最多,播期为9月5日和9月30日的黑塌菜生长指标显著低于9月10—20日,10月5日播期处理的黑塌菜单株质量低于100 g,已不符合产品标准。随着黑塌菜播期的推后,黑塌菜叶片和叶柄可溶性糖含量整体呈先下降后上升的趋势,9月20日播期处理的黑塌菜叶片和9月25日播期处理黑塌菜叶柄可溶性糖含量显著降低,9月30日播期处理黑塌菜叶片和10月5日播期处理黑塌菜叶柄可溶性糖含量显著升高。随着播种日期的推后,黑塌菜叶片叶绿素整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,9月10日播期处理黑塌菜叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量均最高,10月5日播期处理黑塌菜叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量均最低。该试验表明,长江中下游地区黑塌菜适宜播期为9月中上旬至下旬,最迟播期为9月底。Taking black pakchoi as the test material,a sowing date was set every 5 days from September 5~(th),and a total of 7 sowing dates were set to study the effects of different sowing dates on the main agronomic and quality traits of black pakchoi,in order to provide reference for the standardized planting and production of black collapse vegetables and the extension of their supply period.The results showed that the sowing date had significant effects on main agronomic traits,such as development degree,weight per plant,content of soluble sugar and chlorophyll,but had little effect on cellulose and crude protein.The spread degree and single plant quality of black pakchoi seeded on September 10~(th)were significantly higher than other treatments.The stalk length of black pakchoi seeded on September 15~(th)was the longest,and the number of leaves of black pakchoi seeded on September 20~(th)was the highest.The growth index of black pakchoi seeded on September 5~(th)and September 30~(th)was significantly lower than those seeded from September 10~(th)to September 20~(th).The quality of single plant of black pakchoi seeded on October 5~(th)was lower than 100 g,which did not meet the product standard.With the delay of the sowing date,the soluble sugar content of the leaves and petioles of the black pakchoi decreased first and then increased.The soluble sugar content of the leaves of the black pakchoi seeded on September 20~(th)and the petioles of the black pakchoi seeded on September 25~(th)decreased significantly,and the soluble sugar content of the leaves of the black pakchoi seeded on September 30~(th)and the petioles of the black pakchoi seeded on October 5~(th)increased significantly.With the delay of the sowing date,the chlorophyll of black pakchoi leaves as a whole showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of black pakchoi leaves were the highest in the sowing date of September 10~(th),and the chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of black

关 键 词：黑塌菜 播期 农艺性状 品质性状 

分 类 号：S649[农业科学—蔬菜学]