高温条件下土壤持水率对辣椒秸秆还田腐解效果及土壤性状的影响  

Effects of Soil Moisture on Decomposition of Pepper Straw and Soil Properties at High Temperature

作　　者：仇美华 朱乾 范新会 梁永红 马艳 罗佳[2,3,4] QIU Meihua;ZHU Qian;FAN Xinhui;LIANG Yonghong;MA Yan;LUO Jia(Jiangsu Province Station of Farmland Quality and Agro-Environmental Protection,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095;National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural Environment in Luhe,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014;Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014)

机构地区：[1]江苏省耕地质量与农业环境保护站,江苏南京210036 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,江苏南京210095 [3]国家农业环境六合观测实验站,江苏南京210014 [4]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第5期82-89,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：江苏省重点研发资助项目(BE2019394);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金资助项目(CX(22)2043)。

摘　　要：以辣椒秸秆为试材,研究了2种土壤类型下不同土壤持水率对辣椒秸秆原位还田腐解的影响,以期揭示蔬菜秸秆田间分解过程并解析影响秸秆降解的关键环境因子。结果表明:在2种土壤中辣椒秸秆腐解效果存在差异,砂土80%土壤持水率条件下降解速率最快,粘土也呈现出100%土壤持水率降解迅速的趋势,砂土中木质素半纤维素与纤维素在土壤持水率达到80%时分解最迅速,而粘土中土壤持水率在100%的条件下降解速率最高。在砂土中辣椒秸秆还田对土壤pH影响幅度和影响时间均低于粘土中辣椒秸秆还田;含水量越高土壤电导率变化幅度越小,辣椒秸秆腐解对砂土电导率的影响超过对粘土电导率的影响。环境因子相关性分析与随机森林分析结果均表明,含水率、腐降解时间与腐解程度的正相关性最高,是影响辣椒秸秆降解最重要的2个环境因子。Taking pepper straw as the test material,the effects of different soil water saturations on the decomposition of pepper straw returned to the field in situ under two soil conditions were investigated,in order to reveal the field decomposition process of vegetable straw and analyze the key environmental factors affecting straw degradation.The results showed that the decomposition effect of pepper straw was different in the two soils,in sandy soil,the decomposition rate was fastest at 80%soil water saturation,while in clay soil,the rate reached a peak at 100%soil water saturation.The same was true for lignin hemicellulose and cellulose,in sandy soils,their decomposition rates were highest when the soil water saturation reached 80%,while in clay soils,their decomposition rates peaked at 100%.In addition,in sandy soil,the intensity and duration of the impact of pepper straw returning to the field on soil pH were lower than those in clay soil.Moreover,the higher the water content,the smaller the change in soil electrical conductivity.The impact of pepper straw decomposition on electrical conductivity in sandy soil was greater than that in clay soil.According to environmental factors correlation analysis and random forest analysis,the results showed that water saturation and degradation time were the two most significant environmental factors affecting the degradation of pepper straw,because they had the highest positive correlation with the degree of decomposition.

关 键 词：辣椒秸秆 秸秆还田 腐解条件 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]